1. Engineering 1020 Introduction to Programming
WELCOME
Engineering Introduction to Programming
Dr. Mohamed Shehata
Fall 2017

2. Course Walkthrough Course website: Course outline
Course outline

3. Computer Programming
The transition from human beings performing calculations without the aid of a device to machines that stored the instructions for their operations forms the basis for the evolution of computer programming

4. Why Study Programming? Computers are fast and accurate in computation
Virtually ALL engineers use computers in some way
Engineers are responsible for the input and output of the programs they use
It is likely that you will have to write some programs some time
Programming skills are needed in other courses
Programming/problem solving skills from this course can be applied to other areas
It is fun!

5. Applications
Can range from high critical mission (Defence application / Robots) to commercial (Mobile devices, word processing, databases) or even pleasure and Fun (PolMaster)

6. What is a Computer? A Literal Definition
A device that computes, especially a programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information
A programmable device that can store, retrieve, and process data.
Not “Smart”, just fast and accurate
Needs very specific instructions
Can do some things well:
Arithmetic and Logic
Comparison
Data processing: input, output, storage, and copying

7. What inside the Computer ?

8. And here's how we would view the 3pi robot

9. Computer Components
Input devices (mouse, keyboard) which let us input data into a computer
Output devices (screen, printer) which let us view data.
Memory devices, which let us store data, and are subdivided into
volatile memory (RAM) which loses data when the power is off
non-volatile memory (disks of various kinds) which hold data when power is off.
The CPU (Central Processing Unit) which processes all data.
The Data Highway (Bus) which is used to move data among IO, memory and CPU
When we send data to memory we say we write the data
When we fetch data from memory we say we read the data.

10. Computer Programing
Computer programming is traditionally thought of as problem-solving process.
A computer program is a solution to a problem.
A computer program is set of instructions (such as add two numbers or print the answer) to a computer bundled together for doing some common set of tasks (such as word processing or mathematical modeling). Most of the instructions in a program involve the processing of data.
Engineering 2420 Structured Programming --- Introduction

11. How Computer Works Computers process data sequentially.
One or more pieces of data are read from memory (one at a time)
The data is processed in the CPU
The results are written back into memory (one at a time)
Computer Programs
Data processing is carried out using a set of instructions known as a program.
The program itself is a form of computer data and is stored in computer memory.
Instructions are fetched, one at a time from computer memory to the CPU
Then they are executed (carried out) by the CPU.

12. Complexity
Computer programs are among the most complex artifacts engineered by humankind.
To manage complex algorithms, we use a strategy known as Divide and Conquer
Complex systems are modularized: broken into smaller more manageable pieces
The modules themselves are often broken into smaller modules, and those into smaller modules again.
The set of modules is organized hierarchically to constitute the system

15. Function: Instruction
The fundamental module of code. All code must appear inside some function, even if it's only main. Functions may return a value or void.
Instruction
The smallest increment of computer code which can carry out a task. A function body normally contains one or more instructions. Instructions are usually issued to an underlying machine. Also called a statement.

16. (This one is a function call)
Main Program Logic
Drive Ahead
Calibrate
Turn Left
Program follow line
Call:
instruction
Another instruction
(This one is a function call)

17. These instructions come one after another in an ordered sequence
These instructions come one after another in an ordered sequence. That is how they are executed when they are run on the computer.
The first instruction is executed
Then the second instruction is executed
Then the third instruction is executed

18. First Program

19. Go to cpp.sh
Copy and paste the following code:
// Example program
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout << "Hello, Class!";
cout<<"\n Today is great";
return 0; }
You can change Hello Class! And change Today is great with whatever you want – make sure you keep the double quotation
Click the Run button on the lower right corner
You should see the text you wrote appear on in the execution part of the window at the bottom. See next slide