1. Aim: Describe the Social and Economic Effects of Industrialization

2. Industrial Cities Rise
The Industrial Revolution affected every part of life in Great Britain
Pace of industrialization accelerated life
1800’s: People could earn higher wages in factories
Most Europeans lived in cities after 1800
Shift caused by the growth of the factory system
Most of Europeans urban areas doubled in population
Period was one of urbanization (City Building)
Factories developed and were built near sources of energy (water & coal) 2

3. Living Conditions
Because England’s cities grew rapidly, they had no development plans, sanitary or building codes
Cities lacked adequate housing, education, and police protection
Unpaved streets had no drains and garbage collecting
Workers lived in dark, dirty shelters
Epidemics of the deadly disease cholera swept through slums of Great Britain 3

4. Working Conditions
To increase production, factory owners wanted to keep their machines running as many hours as possible
Result: average worker spent 14 hours a day on the job, 6 days a week
Industry posed new dangers for workers
Factories were seldom well lit or clean
Machines injured workers
No government program to provide aid in case of injury
Most dangerous conditions found in coal mines
Women and children were employed in the mining industry because they were cheapest sources of labor 4