1. Rise of Nazi Germany: Chapter 28, Section 5

2. Hitler and his Nazi party rose to power.
After World War I, the German government crumbled under threat of a socialist revolution.
Moderate leaders created a democratic government that was unable to manage Germany’s problems.
Hitler and his Nazi party rose to power. 2

3. The Weimar Republic had:
Moderate German leaders created the Weimar Republic, a democratic government, in 1919.
The Weimar Republic had:
A chancellor, or prime minister
A constitution
A parliamentary system
A bill of rights
A provision allowing women to vote 3

4. The Weimar government came under wide attack.
Conservatives attacked the government as too liberal.
Communists demanded radical changes. 4

5. Germans of all classes hated the Treaty of Versailles, which the Weimar government had signed.
The German people looked for scapegoats for their troubles. Many blamed German Jews. 5

6. In 1923, economic disaster fed the unrest.
Germany fell behind in reparation payments, so France occupied the Ruhr Valley. 6

7. In 1923, economic disaster fed the unrest.
When workers in the Ruhr refused to work, the German government continued to pay them by printing huge quantities of money. 7

8. In 1923, economic disaster fed the unrest.
Inflation spiraled out of control and the German mark became worthless.
Many middle-class families saw their savings wiped out.
German children playing with worthless money 8

9. 9

10. 10

11. With help from Western powers, Germany began to recover.
But in 1929, the Great Depression hit.
This won’t work any more  11

12. Born in Austria, Hitler had fought in the German army in World War I.
Germans turned to Adolf Hitler, an energetic nationalist who promised to end the economic crisis and restore German greatness. Save room – more later
Born in Austria, Hitler had fought in the German army in World War I.
Hitler’s Birthplace 12

13. By 1919, Hitler was leader of the National Socialist German Workers, or Nazi, party and worked against the Weimar government. 13

14. Hitler listed principles behind Nazi ideology:
While in prison for a failed attempt to seize power, Hitler wrote Mein Kampf in (write all the info below for #35)
Hitler listed principles behind Nazi ideology:
Hitler blamed German defeat in WWI on
Extreme nationalism
Anti-Semitism
Germans as a superior “master race”
Racism
Marxists
Jews
Corrupt politicians
Business leaders 14

15. Hitler urged Germans everywhere to unite into one great nation under his leadership.
At the beginning of the Great Depression the Nazi party grew to almost a million. 15

16. Defy the Treaty of Versailles by rearming Germany
Hitler promised to:
create jobs
end reparations
Defy the Treaty of Versailles by rearming Germany
Germans saw Hitler as a strong leader
He made Germans feel proud again
This abolished the humiliations caused by the Treaty of Versailles 16

17. Hitler was appointed chancellor in 1933, and within a year he was dictator of Germany. He demanded unquestioning obedience.
Portions of a newsreel the British made in 1933 as Hitler is installed as Germany’s new Chancellor 17

18. Hitler planned a Third Reich that would dominate Europe for a thousand years.18

19. The SS – the Secret State Police
Gestapo officers shooting a Russian peasant in the head (to the right) and killing a family of Jews (below)
The SS – the Secret State Police
To achieve his goals, he organized an efficient but brutal totalitarian rule enforced by the Gestapo. 19

20. Could not marry non-Jews Could not attend or teach school
In 1935, he set out to deprive Jews of German citizenship through the Nuremberg Laws.
Could not marry non-Jews
Could not attend or teach school
Were banned from government jobs
Were banned from practicing law or medicine
Could not publish books
Many German Jews fled, seeking refuge in other countries.
The Nuremberg Laws restricted Jewish life in Germany. Jews: 20

21. On November 9 and 10, 1938, Hitler used a minor incident (the murder of a German by an angry Polish Jew) as an excuse to stage an attack on all Jews.
On the night known as Kristallnacht, “the night of broken glass”, Jewish communities were attacked all over Germany, Austria, and Czechoslovakia.

22. Hitler and his henchmen began making plans for a “Final Solution” in which all Jews would be exterminated.

23. The Nazis indoctrinated young people with their ideology.
Children joined the “Hitler Youth.” They pledged absolute loyalty to Germany and vowed to destroy its enemies. 23

24. The Nazis indoctrinated young people with their ideology.
School courses and textbooks were rewritten to reflect Nazi racial views. 24

25. Hitler and the Nazis also sought to “purify” German culture.
They condemned jazz and modern art.
They sought to replace Christianity with Hitler’s racial creed.
They closed Catholic schools and limited clergy.
They glorified German myths.

26. Ethnic rivalries created severe tensions.
Like Germany, new nations in Eastern Europe also moved from democracy to authoritarian rule.
Ethnic rivalries created severe tensions.
Slavic People
Armenian Christians 26