1. Warm up: Write 3-5 sentences describing the image above
Warm up: Write 3-5 sentences describing the image above. What does it mean to you? If you have no idea, describe what you see and predict what it might mean.

2. The Cold War
The Early Years

3. What is the Cold War?
Years of tension & hostility between 2 superpowers
U.S. vs. USSR
War of ideas
Communism vs. Democracy
Capitalism vs. command
Arms Race, Space Race, etc.

4. The End of WWII Eastern Europe occupied by armies of USSR
Democracy restored to nations of Western Europe
Aided by U.S. & Great Britain
Stalin supported establishment of pro-communist governments in the region

6. Yalta Conference, Feb. 1945 Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin
Plan for post war: Germany would be divided into zones of occupation
Stalin promises Eastern European countries will have free elections

7. Potsdam Conference, July 1945
Stalin, Truman, Churchill (Attlee)
Stalin refuses free elections in Eastern European countries
Establishes satellite nations (pro communist governments) in occupied countries
Stalin’s goal: Spread communism

10. “An Iron Curtain has descended across Europe”- W. Churchill 1946

11. “The Iron Curtain” Symbol of Cold War
Expressed growing fear of communism
Described the division of Europe into “eastern” & “western” blocs
East: Soviet dominated communist countries of Eastern Europe
West: Western democracies

13. The Cold War Continues

14. US Response Truman Doctrine:
U.S. supported (money & military aid) countries that rejected communism
Policy of containment:
limiting communism to the areas already under Soviet control (prevent spread of communism)
Domino theory:
if one nation fell to Communism, all surrounding nations would fall too

16. Truman Doctrine (1947)
Example-U.S. sent military & financial aid to Turkey & Greece
$400 Million
Helping them resist communist forces
Proved successful

17. Marshall Plan (June 1947)
Massive economic aid package for European Recovery
Truman offered aid to EVERYONE (including the Soviet Union & its satellite states)
Stalin refused aid
Strengthened democracies in Europe
Lessened the appeal of communism

20. Berlin Blockade & Airlift (1948)
Berlin - Located in East Germany but occupied by all 4 nations
Soviet Union held W. Berlin hostage - stopped allowing supplies in (tried to force west out)
USA & British planes flew supplies, fuel, meds and food into W. Berlin (1 year)
In 1949 Soviet Union lifted blockade

21. Brinkmanship Willingness to go to the brink, or edge, of war
Arms Race-Both sides build deadly weapons (nuclear)
Development of the H-bomb, much stronger than A- bomb
Space Race:1950’s
Sputnik-1st successful Soviet space satellite

23. The Berlin Wall
1961-East Germany constructed a wall that separated East from West Berlin
Known as the “wall of death”
The Wall’s destruction in symbolizes the fall of communism

26. Opposing Alliances NATO Warsaw Pact North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Defensive alliance
10 Western European nations w/ US & Canada
Pledged to support each other if attacked
Soviet Response to NATO
Alliance between USSR &7 of its Eastern European satellites countries