1. INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM)

2. What is IPM
Integrated pest management (IPM) is an approach to pest control that uses a combination of common sense strategies, instead of chemicals on a regular basis to reduce the number of pests that can cause a health hazard.

3. Common Sense Approach Building repairs Sanitation
Good Retail Practices

4. Goals of an IPM Program Reduce pest management costs
Protect human health by suppressing pests that serve as a vector for diseases,
Reduce losses from pest damage,
Reduce environmental pollution,
Reduce human exposure to pesticides

5. What you are spending and using for pest control
Many don’t know what the pest control company is using
Many don’t know where the pesticides are being applied
Most spend an average of $100/month on pest control.
Most are dependant on monthly service
Some have weekly service

6. Problems with Pesticides
How they work
They don’t break down easily
Some are persistent in the environment
Pesticides may breakdown more slowly indoors.

7. Health Effects May aggravate existing respiratory conditions
Much is unknown about their long term health effects
Some health effects may be due to long term repeated exposure
National Pesticide Telecommunication Network

8. Environmental Effects
Get into your food
Stays on surfaces in your kitchen
Indoor air quality
May get into waterways and effect marine life

9. Problems with pesticide-based programs
Accidental Cross over onto food
Bureau of Pesticides does not license applicators for retail food service, just producers
Misuse by the operator
Resistant bugs
More potent chemicals used
Antibiotic comparison

10. How To Solve the Problem
Work with pest company to identify pests and recognize the signs of their presence.
Deny Entry, Food, Water, and Shelter
Monitoring
See if pest company will offer alternative services – sanitation
Educate staff

11. Identify Pests and Recognize the Signs of their Presence
Work with your pest control company
You should have a basic understanding of the identification, behavior habits, and biology of the target pests
We don’t expect you to be pest experts
Place monitoring devices in appropriate areas

12. Flies
As many as 33 million microorganisms may flourish in a single flies gut, a half-billion more swarm on its body and legs
A fly deposits thousands of bacteria each times it lands
Sanitation is critical to controlling these pests

13. Fruit Flies and Drain Flies
Both can breed anywhere
Females lay up to 500 eggs which will hatch in one day
Are an indicator of unsanitary conditions
Good sanitation practices are the ONLY way to eliminate these pests

14. Cockroaches
Reproduce quickly – for everyone you see there can be 200 hiding and multiplying behind the walls
They are nocturnal – the few you see by day were likely forced out by overcrowding
Eggs are naturally protected from insecticides

15. Cockroaches
Every habitat has a capacity to support a certain number of cockroaches – Carrying Capacity
Biological forces always aim to maintain the population a that level, regardless of measures taken to reduce the population (pesticide applications)
If some cockroaches die after an insecticide application, the reproductive rate will increase to replace those individuals and keep the population near the carrying capacity

16. What is Sanitation? Not just cleaning and trash removal
Eliminating sources that cause disease
Fixing structural problems
Regular cleaning of drains, grease traps, etc.
Engineering

17. Entry Points
One of the first steps in control pests at your establishment is to deny entry
Windows and doors have screens in good repair
Windows and doors are tight fitting
Vents have screens
Holes and cracks in walls and floors are repaired
Check plumbing
Suppliers

18. Food Sources All pests need a source of food to survive
Small amounts are enough to allow large amounts of pests to survive
A small raisin represents a full day’s nutrition for more than 580 cockroaches
Mice and cockroaches can easily chew through paper, cardboard and thin plastic containers
Grease – ants and cockroaches…

19. Popular Locations for Food Sources
Trash Cans
Dumpsters
Food Preparation areas
Sinks and Floor drains
Dry storage areas
Behind fixed equipment
Utensil drawers
Bulk soda storage area

20. Water Sources All pests need water to survive
One drop of water a day is all that a cockroach needs to survive

21. Source of Water All types of plumbing Faulty drains Mops Sponges
Stacking wet clean pots and other food contact surfaces
Drip pans under refrigerators
Condensation from pipes

22. Breeding and Harborage Areas
Rubbish and debris outside the facility
Storage areas
Plumbing holes in walls
Cluttered break rooms
Restrooms

23. Breeding and Harborage Areas
Behind moldings
Small holes in cabinet doors
Around rubber gaskets
Behind equipment
Paper bags and Cardboard boxes

24. Monitoring Perform daily inspections – use proper tools.
Place monitoring traps and devices in correct areas
Keep records of what you find
Educate staff to report any signs of pests

25. Your monitoring has revealed a pest problem
How big of a pest infestation is it
What kind of pest is it
Can you find a way to eliminate its harborage conditions
Can you use a non-chemical approach – vacuum cleaners, fly swatters, bug lights

26. What if the non-chemical approach did not work
What if the non-chemical approach did not work? I need to use a pesticide
Ask your pest control company for a couple different pesticides they recommend using
Ask your pest control company for MSDS for each of their suggestions
Read the label and look for caution, warning, or danger

27. What if the non-chemical approach did not work
What if the non-chemical approach did not work? I need to use a pesticide
Contact the National Pesticide Telecommunication Network for information on the pesticide your pest company recommends using
Choose appropriate application methods
Stay away from foggers and similar applications
Take appropriate precautions to protect food and food contact surfaces before and after the application.

28. An Effective IPM Program will include
Investigation
Action
Follow up

29. Investigation
Inspection – use a flashlight
Identify the pest
Monitor

30. Action
Tolerate
Prevention
Non-chemical
Chemical

31. Follow up
Evaluation – did it work
Education – what did I learn

32. How to Integrate Toxic Use Reduction into Food Establishments?
Education and training
Possible Regulations
Ongoing reinforcement through inspections

33. Food Code Requirements
FC – Critical Violation
The presence of insects, rodents, and other pests shall be controlled and minimize their presence by
Routinely inspecting incoming shipments of food and supplies
Routinely inspecting the premises for evidence of pests
Eliminating harborage conditions

34. Food Code Requirements
Using methods, if pests are found, such as trapping devices or other means of pest control as specified under  , , and :
Used according to law and this code
Label states that use is allowed in a food establishment
Additional conditions that may be established by the regulatory authority

35. Food Code Requirements
Applied so that:
A hazard to employees or other persons is not constituted, and
Contamination including toxic residues due to drip, drain, fog, splash, or spray on food, equipment, utensils, linens, and single-service and single-use articles is prevented and for a restricted-use pesticide, this is achieved by

36. Food Code Requirements
Removing the items
Covering the items with impermeable covers, or
Taking other appropriate preventative actions, and
Cleaning and sanitizing equipment and utensils after the application

37. Possible Regulations
All food establishments will be required to have MSDS available for all pesticides and cleaners used in the establishment
The Board of Health, may, at its discretion, employ a pest professional or require an establishment to employ a pest control professional to identify pest control problems and code related violations during food establishment inspections

38. All food establishments with a known pest infestation will be required to submit an integrated pest management plan, to be approved by the Board of Health, Including the following
Identification of factors contributing to harborage
Inspection by a certified pest management professional
Plan of action to address immediate problem and to prevent further infestations