1. ASPIRE Science
Review

2. Matter
Plan and carry out investigations (e.g., adding air to expand a basketball, compressing air in a syringe, dissolving sugar in water, evaporating salt water) to provide evidence that matter is made of particles too small to be seen.
Lifting a table or book with a Ziploc bag filled with air
Blowing up a balloon
Creating air bubbles by filling a syringe with air, submerging it in a tank of water, and pushing out the air

3. Matter
Investigate matter to provide mathematical evidence, including graphs, to show that regardless of the type of reaction (e.g., new substance forming due to dissolving or mixing) or change (e.g., phase change) that occurs when heating, cooling, or mixing substances, the total weight of the matter is conserved.
Combining 5 grams of salt with 10 grams of water will give you 15 grams of salty water
Combining 5 grams of baking soda and 12 grams of vinegar in a bottle with a balloon attached on top is a chemical reaction that will give you 16 grams of baking soda and vinegar mixture and 1 gram of oxygen that was released into the balloon.

4. Matter
Examine matter through observations and measurements to identify materials (e.g., powders, metals, minerals, liquids) based on their properties (e.g., color, hardness, reflectivity, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, response to magnetic forces, solubility, density).

5. Matter
Investigate whether the mixing of two or more substances results in new substances (e.g., mixing of baking soda and vinegar resulting in the formation of a new substance, gas; mixing of sand and water resulting in no new substance being formed).
Bubbles always

6. Matter
Construct explanations from observations to determine how the density of an object affects whether the object sinks or floats when placed in a liquid.
Ball A sinks to the bottom because it is more dense than the water, but Ball B floats because it is less dense than the water

7. Motion and Stability
5.6 : Construct an explanation from evidence to illustrate that the gravitational force exerted by Earth on objects is directed downward towards the center of Earth;
Helicopter activity/Skydivers fall down toward Earth

8. Motion and Stability
5.7 Design and conduct a test to modify the speed of a falling object due to gravity (e.g., constructing a parachute to keep an attached object from breaking)
Parachutes with more surface area will slow the fall.

9. Gravity
Gravity is an invisible force that pulls on all objects, depending on their mass and the distance between them (skydivers fall to Earth, but the International Space Station stays in orbit…think about the distance between these and Earth).
The bigger objects in our universe have the most gravity.
All objects fall at the same rate unless another force slows them down (such as air resistance ).

10. Ecosystems
Defend the position that plants obtain materials needed for growth primarily from air and water.
Construct an illustration to explain how plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into a storable fuel, carbohydrates, and a waste product, oxygen, during the process of photosynthesis.

11. Ecosystems
Construct and interpret models (e.g., diagrams, flow charts) to explain that energy in animals' food is used for body repair, growth, motion, and maintenance of body warmth and was once energy from the sun.

12. Ecosystems
Create a model to illustrate the transfer of matter among producers; consumers, including scavengers and decomposers; and the environment.

13. Earth’s Place in the Universe
Defend the claim that one factor determining the apparent brightness of the sun compared to other stars is the relative distance from Earth.
Stars (like our Sun) that are closer to Earth appear brighter than bigger stars that are far away.

14. Earth’s Place in the Universe
Analyze data and represent with graphs to reveal patterns of daily changes in length and direction of shadows.

15. Earth’s Place in the Universe
Why do we have night and day?
As Earth rotates on its axis, the side of Earth facing the sun has daytime, the side facing away from the sun has night time.

16. Earth’s Systems
  Identify the distribution of freshwater and salt water on Earth (e.g., oceans, lakes, rivers, glaciers, ground water, polar ice caps) and construct a graphical representation depicting the amounts and percentages found in different reservoirs
Location of Water Source
Percentage of Total Water Supply
Water Vapor
.001%
Soil Moisture
.005%
Fresh Water Rivers, Streams, & Lakes
.009%
Groundwater
.6%
Polar Ice Caps
2.2%
Oceans & Other Salt Water Sources
97.2%

17. Salt and Fresh Water Distribution

18. Earth and Human Activity
Collect and organize scientific ideas that individuals and communities can use to protect Earth's natural resources and its environment.
Terracing prevents soil erosion Recycling reduces use of landfills

19. Earth and Human Activity
No Till Farming Improves Soil Fertility
Reducing Factory Emissions Reduces Air Pollution

20. Earth & Human Activity
 Design solutions, test, and revise a process for cleaning a polluted environment (e.g., simulating an oil spill in the ocean or a flood in a city and creating a solution for containment and/or cleanup).

21. Systems/Spheres
Use a model to represent how any two systems, specifically the atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere, and/or hydrosphere, interact and support.