1. Warm Up – 8/24 Define plurality
What was the impact of Shay’s Rebellion?
Identify one reason why the Framers chose a republican form of government and explain why they made this decision.

2. Democracy What is democracy? Government by the people
2 Types of democracy
Direct democracy
Representative democracy
Also known as a republic

3. Constitutional Democracy
A government that recognizes its limits
Allows the people’s voices to be heard
Free and fair elections
Constitutionalism
The set of arrangements that holds our leaders accountable for how they exercise their power

4. Democratic Values Personal Liberty Respect for the Individual
Statism – Nation comes before individuals
Equal Opportunities
Popular Consent – Gov has power, because people let it
These values can conflict

5. Democratic Processes Free and Fair Elections Majority Rule
Majority – 50% plus 1 wins
Plurality - The most votes wins
Freedom of Expression
The Right to Assemble and Protest

6. Democratic Structures
Federalism
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances
Judicial Review

7. Democratic Conditions
Education
Economics
Society
Social Capital – Participation in democratic habits
Discussion and Compromise
Ideology – One’s basic beliefs about power, gov and politics

8. Democratic Roots
Colonists had been coming to the New World for liberty
Theocracy
Early colonial democracy was NOT fair
Precedents for certain basic rights were set

9. The Articles of Confederation
Signed in 1781 to unite the colonies during the American Revolution
The new central government was limited
What is one thing that you need to fight a war?
The Articles of Confederation were largely ignored

10. Issues with the Articles
Could not draft soldiers
Money came from the states
No interstate trade control
Needed 13 out of 13 to amend
Needed 9 out of 13 to pass new legislation

11. Conventions Annapolis Convention – Sept 1786
Got the ball rolling to fix the Articles
Shay’s Rebellion –
Protesting mortgage foreclosure and debt
Highlighted the need for a strong central gov
Constitutional Convention – Summer 1787

12. Constitutional Convention
Who was there?
Why was the Convention called?
By the end of the summer, what is the goal of the Convention?
What form of government will they NOT want?
What are they going to have to do to create a new government?

13. Proposals Bicameralism – A two-house legislature
Large states vs. small states
Virginia Plan
Representation based on population
New Jersey Plan
Equal Representation

14. Representation based on population Supported by large states
Virginia Plan
Bicameral
Representation based on population
Supported by large states
New Jersey Plan
Unicameral
Equal Representation
Supported by small states who feared losing their power to larger states
Connecticut Compromise
Bicameral
Representation based on population in one house
Equal Representation in the other

15. North-South Compromises
What is the biggest difference between the North and the South?
3/5 Compromise
Each slave counts as 3/5 of a free person for the purposes of representatives and taxation
Why was this a compromise?
What is the impact of this compromise?

16. Federalists vs. Antifederalists
Supporters of ratification and strong gov.
Antifederalists
Opponents of ratification and strong gov.
The Federalist
A series of essays promoting the ratification of the Constitution

17. Ratification Antifederalists wanted a bill of rights
Federalists promised a bill of rights
Virginia and New York voted to ratify
The Constitution was signed September 17, 1787
Ratified in 1788

18. Reading for Friday 37-42 Finish the Vocabulary Sheet
Have notes and vocab sheet ready to hand in at the beginning of class on Friday.