1. Biodiversity
Animal Groups

2. Cnidarians
Soft-bodied, carnivorous animals that have stinging tentacles arranged in circles around their mouths.
Nematocytes = stinging cells
Do not have true organs
A gastrovascular cavity serves as both mouth and anus
Simplest animals to have body symmetry and specialized tissues.
Radial symmetry

3. Cnidarians
2 Main Forms
Medusa = free swimming/floating, umbrella shaped, mouth usually on the concave side of the umbrella, tentacles usually protrude from the umbrella rim
Examples = jelly fish
Polyp = usually sessile or immobile. One end of the tubular body is attached to a substrate with the mouth and tentacles at the other end
Examples = sea anemones, hydra

4. Cnidarians
Jellyfish
Corals & Sea Anemones

5. Arthropods
Largest animal phylum making up over 85% if all known animals
Segmented body, a tough exoskeleton (external covering) that is molted (shed) to allow the animal to grow, and jointed appendages.
Cold blooded with an open circulatory system
First to have bilateral symmetry

6. horseshoe crabs and arachnids
Arthropods
Crustaceans
Chelicerata
horseshoe crabs and arachnids
Uniramians
Insects, centipedes, millipedes…

7. Mollusks
Soft-bodied animals that usually have an internal or external shell.
Bilateral symmetry
Divided into 3 body regions: Head, Foot, and visceral mass
Head contains sense organs and “brain”
Visceral mass contains internal organs
Have a well defined nervous and circulatory system

8. Mollusks
Bivalves
Cephalopods
Gastropods

9. Fishes
Aquatic vertebrates that are characterized by paired fins, scales, and gills.
Vertebrates = have a backbone
Endoskeleton is made out of bone in bony fish
Endoskeleton is made out of cartilage in cartilaginous fish
Cold blooded, poikilotherm (internal temperature varies according to environment)

10. Fishes Breathe by passing oxygenated water over gills
Swim bladder allows some fish to control buoyancy
Not present in cartilaginous fish

11. Fishes
Bony
Cartilaginous

12. Amphibians
A vertebrate that mostly lives in water as a larvae (eggs must be laid in water) and on land as an adult, breathes with lungs as an adult, has moist skin that contains mucus glands, and lacks scales and claws.
External fertilization
Cold blooded

13. Amphibians Breathe through gills as larvae and lungs or skin as adults
First to have a three chambered heart

14. Amphibians
Salamanders &
Newts
Frogs & Toads

15. Reptiles
A vertebrate that has dry, scaly skin, lungs, and terrestrial eggs (have a shell)
Oviparous = Internal fertilization
Cold blooded
Breathe through lungs
Ectothermic = regulation of body temperature depends on external factors (cannot regulate own temperature)

16. Reptiles
Lizards & Snakes
Turtles & Tortoises
Crocodilians

17. Birds
Reptile-like vertebrate animals that are endothermic (maintain a constant internal body temperature).
They have an outer covering of feathers; two legs that are covered with scales; and front limbs modified into wings.
However not all birds can fly
First to have a 4 chambered heart

18. Birds
Tropical Birds
Birds of Prey
Seabirds /
Shorebirds
Song Birds

19. Mammals
An endothermic vertebrate that have a mammary gland (produce milk) and have hair.
All mammals breathe air, and have 4-chambered hearts.
Warm blooded

20. Mammals Perissodactyls Monotremes & Marsupials Carnivora Primates
Hoofed animals
Egg-laying
Raise young in pouch
Carnivora
Primates
Cetaceans
Limbs modified into flippers