1. Water

2. Water Cycle

3. How is water distributed?
Water covers 70% of the earth’s surface

4. How is water distributed?
Salt water: 97%
Fresh water: 3%
Ice caps: 77%
Ground water: 22%
Lakes, rivers, atmosphere: 1%

5. How do we use water?
Industry: 53%
Agriculture: 36%
Residential: 11%

6. Surface Water
Fresh water in above ground lakes and rivers

7. Surface Water Cities rely on surface water Drinking water Growing food
Fishing
Transportation

8. Watershed
The entire area of land drained by a river

9. Watershed Ecology The study of watersheds as ecosystems
How do biotic and abiotic components interact?

10. Housatonic River Length: 149 miles Watershed: 1948 sq. mi.
“Housatonic” Mohican for “Beyond the mountain place”

11. Housatonic River

12. Natural Processes of a Watershed
Rainfall runoff
Groundwater recharge
Sediment transport
Plant succession

13. Lotic Systems
Flowing water
3.5 million miles
Stream order

14. Lentic Systems Still water Lakes and ponds
What is the largest lake in the world?

15. Lentic Systems
Trick Question!

16. Lentic Systems Caspian Sea Largest land locked body of water
Salt water

17. Lentic Systems
Lake Baikal
Largest freshwater lake by volume

18. Lentic Systems
Lake Superior
Largest freshwater lake by surface area

19. Kettle Lakes
Glaciers
Great Lakes, Finger Lakes

20. Tectonic Basins
Movement of earth’s crust
Lake Victoria

21. Oxbow Lakes
When portion of a river channel becomes isolated
Clamshell

22. Beaver & Man-Made Lakes
1,000,000 small dams in U.S.

23. Lakes and Streams Water retained days/months/ years
Energy fixed in lake
Most organisms suspended in water column
Water always in transit
Energy fixed in watershed
Most organisms at or near substrate

24. Ground Water Water that is stored underground Country folk
15% of U.S. population

25. Ground Water
98% of useable fresh water.
Replenished by precipitation

26. Ground Water Occurs in the pores and spaces in sedimentary rock
Porosity – the percentage of the total volume of a rock that has spaces.
the more porous, the more water
Permeability – the ability of rock to allow water to flow through

27. Aquifer
An underground rock formation that stores water

28. Aquifer
Ogallala Aquifer
Largest aquifer in U. S.

29. Recharge Zone The area of land from which ground water originates.
Precipitation
Lakes and streams

30. Unconfined Aquifer
Covered by permeable rock layer - gets water directly from surface

31. Confined Aquifer Covered by impermeable rock layer
Gets water from connections to unconfined aquifers

32. Artesian Aquifer Under pressure
Water will move to surface without pumps