1. Marine Ecosystems

2. Estuaries
Estuaries are formed where ocean water mixes with fresh water
These calm waters contain an abundance of Dissolved Oxygen, nutrients, and minerals supplied by the river water.
Because of this, lots of fish love to live there

9. Salt Marsh-Part of an estuary
Provide a habitat for fish

13. Groups of ocean life
Benthos
Plankton
Nekton

14. Benthos: Group of ocean life that lives on the bottom of the ocean floor
Sponge
Worms
Clams and mussels

15. Plankton: Group of organisms that move with currents and live at the surface of the ocean.
Krill-shrimp like fish at the bottom of the food chain
Phytoplankton

16. Plankton Group
Zooplankton
Microscopic animals

17. Nekton: organisms that swim independently, live within a few hundred feet of the ocean surface

18. In class assignment 1. Create a model of an estuary.
2. Describe their location and why they are important.
3. Create a model of the three groups of organisms.
4. Give examples of each group as well as where they are located.
When you are done, work on your textbook homework, your art project, or your vocabulary!

19. Ocean Life
There are 3 main groups of ocean life. They are classified according to where they live.
Group
Definition
Examples
Benthos
Plants/animals living near/on/in ocean bottom
Kelp, sponges, worms, algae, clams, etc
Plankton
Small/microscopic organisms that move w/currents
Krill, some mollusks, protozoa, eggs of larger species, etc
Nekton
Swimming animals that move independently
Fish, whales, seals, squid, eels, etc

20. Ocean Organisms

21. Ocean Ecosystems
There are 4 distinct life zones in the ocean in relationship to the beach.
Each life zone differs in physical conditions.

22. Life Zones

23. Intertidal Zone
This is the area near the beach between high and low tide.
Animals living in this area are adapted to living both underwater and exposed to air.

24. Intertidal Zone Organisms-write down a few examples

25. Play Intertidal Zone Video

26. Neritic Zone
slopes down from the edge of the shoreline toward the ocean floor.
a few meters to 200 meters.
temperature and salinity remaining fairly constant in this zone
MOST OF THE OCEAN LIFE IS FOUND HERE!

27. Coral Reef
Corals are tiny organisms that live attached to each other in large groups called colonies
As they die, their skeletons are left behind to create reefs.
Become habitats for many fish

28. Coral Reef

30. Coral Reef locations

31. Remote Sensing-Coral Reefs

33. Real Nemo in Coral Reef Video

34. Play Nertic Zone Video

35. Oceanic Zone open waters of the ocean.
from the ocean’s surface to its deepest waters,
sunlight can only penetrates a few hundred meters
Due to this, all producers (phytoplankton), live in this zone.
Larger animals, such as whales and dolphins, live in this zone.

36. Oceanic Zone

37. Oceanic Zone

38. The Abyss The floor of the deep ocean is called the abyss.
High pressure, low temperature, and the absence of light
Animals that live in this zone: worms, bacteria, sea urchins, etc.
These organisms survive by eating organic material , like dead animals, that fall from the surface

39. Strangest fish on the planet live near the bottom-BUT NO FISH ON THE BOTTOM

42. Play Abyss Video

43. Assignment:
Use the model on your desk to create a map of the different oceanic zones

44. Ocean Pollution Most visible to humans near the shoreline
What are 3 examples of pollution you have seen near the shoreline when at the beach?

45. What is the most common solid waste in oceans?
Plastic
Never biodegrades
Animals mistake it for food
Very buoyant and floats along with the ocean currents

46. Bird carcass that died from eating plastic in ocean.

52. Sea of plastic

53. Video of sea turtle eating plastic

54. Hidden Pollution
Chemicals such as lead and mercury are widespread in the oceans
Most dangerous chemicals are clear
Some pregnant women who are highly susceptible to chemicals are advised not to eat fish or tuna. WHY?
Dead Ocean zones
Zones of the oceans where nothing survives because the currents have deposited these chemicals there

55. Dead Zones
Zones of the oceans where nothing survives because the currents have deposited these chemicals there

56. Play Dead Zone Videos

57. Where does most of the pollution enter the ocean?
Run-off from land
Urban run-off into rivers bring the pollution to the oceans and then travel in the ocean currents.

58. What is the largest polluter of the oceans?

60. Discussion Questions
Where are coral reefs and most of the ocean life located?
a. in the oceanic zone
b. in estuaries.
c. in the intertidal zone
d. in the neritic zone

61. Which of the following organisms could not live on the bottom of ocean floor of the oceanic zone?
A. fish
B. Sea urchins
C. Bacteria
D. worms

62. How do nutrients move in the ocean as a result of upwelling?
A. from deep, colder areas to warm, shallow areas
B. from warm, shallow areas to deep, colder areas.
C. from the neritic zone to the intertidal zone
D. from the ocean floor into estuaries

63. HW: Paragraph about Oceanic Pollution