1. 10/17 Daily Catalyst Pg. 35 Patterns of Evolution
1. Define speciation:
2. Match the type of isolation (sympatric speciation) with the situation: Two groups of hares are found in the same desert biome. One group dominates the rocky cliff edges and the other group crowds around the limited shade from Joshua trees.
3. How is the Founder Effect related to Allopatric Speciation?

2. 10/17 Daily Catalyst Pg. 35 Patterns of Evolution
1. Define speciation:
the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.
2. Match the type of isolation (sympatric speciation) with the situation: Two groups of hares are found in the same desert biome. One group dominates the rocky cliff edges and the other group crowds around the limited shade from Joshua trees.
Habitat Isolation
3. How is the Founder Effect related to Allopatric Speciation?
Allopatric speciation is when a group is isolated from the original group by a geographic element and the isolated group forms a new gene pool.

3. 10/17 Class Business Pg. 35 Patterns of Evolution
Evolution test on Tuesday, October 21st
Evolution debate on Monday, October 20th
Study guide due Tuesday, October 21st
Review day on Friday
Must bring questions!
COME SEE ME FOR TUTORING
LET ME KNOW WHEN YOU ARE COMING

4. 10/17 Agenda Pg. 35 Patterns of Evolution
Daily Catalyst
Class Business
Speciation speedy review
Patterns of evolution notes
START STUDYING FOR THE TEST!

5. Pg. 34 Speciation Turn and Talk
Take 30 seconds to define speciation with a partner sitting next to you.

6. Speciation Allopatric Sympatric Isolated by geographic elements.
River, lakes, glaciers, mountain ranges, and canyons
Isolation due to lack of geographic isolation.
Habitat, time, etc.

7. Sympatric Speciation:
Habitat isolation: share same habitat, but do not interact with one another.
Temporal isolation: time prevents mating
Behavioral isolation: mating behaviors
Polyploidy: multiple sets of chromosomes
Reproductive isolation: unable to mate

8. Sympatric Speciation: Reproductive Isolation
Key Point #10: Closely related species unable to mate
For example: difference in flower shape may prevent pollination and the difference in the structure of genitalia may prevent insemination.

9. Sympatric Speciation: Reproductive Isolation
Prezygotic barriers:
Barrier to mating.
For example: small male dog and large female dog
Postzygotic barriers:
Once mating has occurred, fertile offspring cannot be produced.
For example: horse and donkey produce a mule

10. Speedy Break

11. Patterns of evolution Divergent Evolution Convergent Evolution
Parallel Evolution
Coevolution
Adaptive radiation

12. Patterns of Evolution Divergent Convergent
The process by which related species become more dissimilar.
The process by which unrelated organisms come to resemble one another.
They face similar environmental demands and must adapt.

13. Divergent Example
The red fox and the kit fox provide and example of two species that have undergone divergent evolution. The red fox lives in mixed farmlands and forests, where its red color helps it blend in with surrounding trees. The kit fox lives on the plains and in the deserts, where its sandy color helps conceal it from prey and predators. The ears of the kit fox are larger than those of the red fox. The kit fox's large ears are an adaptation to its desert environment. The enlarged surface area of its ears helps the fox get rid of excess body heat. Similarities in structure indicate that the red fox and the kit fox had a common ancestor. As they adapted to different environments, the appearance of the two species diverged.

14. Parallel Evolution
Parallel evolution is the independent evolution of similar traits, starting from a similar ancestral condition.
Example:
Marsupials and placental mammals. Marsupials won in Australia, in the rest of the world, placental mammals won.

16. Adaptive Radiation
A single species has evolved into several different forms that live in different ways.
Way to increase diversity (speciation)
Occurs when a change in the environment makes new resources available and opens environmental niches.

18. Coevolution
The process by which species evolve in response to changes in each other over time.
Example’s:
Predators and prey
Plants and pollinating insects

19. Modern Theories
Gradualism
Puntuated

20. Class Questions
Which organism is most closely related to primates?

21. Class Questions
What can you tell me about the DNA of the primates and rodents?

22. Class Business
What characteristic do ray-finned fish and birds have in common?

23. Grade cladograms