1. States
(or Phases)
of Matter

2. The 3 Main Phases of Matter
GAS
SOLID
The 3 Main Phases of Matter
LIQUID

3. STATES OF MATTER SOLIDS
Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position.
Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume.
Thermal Energy

4. STATES OF MATTER LIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another.
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume.
Thermal Energy

5. STATES OF MATTER GAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely.
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.

6. Description of Phase Change
PHASE CHANGES
Description of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During
Phase Change
Solid to liquid
Melting
Thermal energy goes into the solid as it melts.
Liquid to solid
Freezing
Thermal energy leaves the liquid as it freezes.

7. Description of Phase Change
PHASE CHANGES
Description of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During
Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Evaporation
Thermal energy goes into the liquid as it evaporates.
Gas to liquid
Condensation
Thermal energy leaves the gas as it condenses.
Additional Information (but not testable in fifth grade)
Solid to gas
Sublimation
Thermal energy goes into the solid as it sublimates.

8. Addition of thermal energy Reduction of thermal energy
STATES OF MATTER
Addition of thermal energy
Melting
Evaporation
Freezing
Condensation
Reduction of thermal energy
SOLID
LIQUID
GAS
Tightly packed, in a regular pattern.
Vibrate, but do not move from place to place.
Close together with no regular arrangement.
Vibrate, move about, and slide past each other.
Well separated with no regular arrangement.
Vibrate and move freely at high speeds.

9. Important to Know
Unless they specify what the substance is in a question, I want you to imagine that it is water.
In science, you are only responsible for knowing the following facts in Celsius:
Boiling Point of Water = 100˚C
Freezing Point of Water = 0˚C
Melting Point of Water = 0˚C