1. History-10/20
Redefine these words:
Swahili
Mansa Musa
Gold/Salt Trade

2. The Mongol Empire

3. The Mongols
Lived on the steppes (vast dry grasslands or plains) north of China.
Nomadic
Pastoralists-herded domesticated animals
Lived in yurts-portable felt tents.
Divided into several different clans (either traded or fought each other)
Skilled horsemen and very tough (often plundered)

4. Temujin/Genghis Khan (1162-1227 C.E)
Father killed by rival clan at early age
In 1200, he started to unify the Mongols into an empire
1206-Became Genghis Khan, “Universal Ruler”
Great Conqueror
Brilliant Organizer
Gifted Strategist
Used Cruelty
Army of 10,000 cavalry to attack (used horses and the stirrup)
By 1225, he conquered northern China and all of Central Asia.

5. The Mongol Empire
After Genghis Khan died, his successors expanded the empire
By 1294, it stretched across most of Asia and into Europe.
Cities like Kiev in Russia and Baghdad in Iraq were destroyed
Divided into four Khanates, or regions
Pax Mongolica ( )-time of peace and stability, increase in trade
Kublai Khan-conquered southern China (Yuan Dynasty) and increased trade.
Marco Polo-visited China during this time and recorded his findings.

6. Kublai Khan and the Yuan Dynasty
The Mongols conquered the Southern Song in China in 1279.
Kublai Khan ( )became the emperor in China and established the Yuan Dynasty.
1st time a Chinese dynasty was controlled by foreigners (Mongols)-Chinese hated it
Kublai Khan encouraged trade with Europe and other areas
Europeans like Marco Polo visited China

7. The Fall of the Mongol Empire (1368)
Over time, the empire grew too large
The Yuan Dynasty was overthrown in 1368 by Chinese rebels
The other Khanates lost control with the local people
Famine, economic issues, corruption, taxes, and expense for military campaigns
Hongwu Emperor (Est. Ming Dynasty)

8. Constantinople Plan Your Attack

10. History-11/17
What happened on Friday in Paris? What did you think about it?
Performance Final: Starting it today and finishing Thursday (Mongol Empire)
Who united the Mongols into an empire?
How were the Mongols able to create the largest empire in world history?

11. Mongol Empire
Introduction: talk about their nomadic and harsh lifestyle, rival Mongol clans, etc. Work down to the rise of Genghis Khan and then thesis statement.
Body Paragraph 1: Genghis Khan
Early life (father killed)
Characteristics
Conquests of rival Mongol clans
Expansion of empire
Body Paragraph 2: Mongol Military
Units
Cavalry (horses) & stirrup
Weapons
Deception
Supply and Communications
Terror
Maneuverability and speed
Body Paragraph 3: Mongol Government & Policies
Khanates (ruled by Khans)
Silk Road (Trade)
Acceptance of Cultures and Religions
The Yassa

12. Guidelines Body Paragraphs: Topic Sentence 2-3 examples/evidence
Lasting statement at the end of paragraph
Conclusion:
Re-state thesis
Sum up each body paragraph
Lasting statement

13. Introduction
Throughout history, there have been many powerful empires. However, no empire in history has matched the magnitude of the Mongol Empire. For thousands of years, the Mongols were disunited and lived a very harsh and nomadic lifestyle. It took a very strong leader in the form of Genghis Khan to unite these people and create the most powerful empire in history. Once created, an effective military and government was needed to sustain this empire. Several factors led to the rise of the Mongol Empire including the role of Genghis Khan, military tactics, and Mongol government and policies.

14. Mongol Military

15. Mongol Government and Policies