1. Introduction to the Industrial Revolution Monday March 26th 2012
Vocab:
Industrial Revolution
Enclosures
Lord Charles Townshend
Jethro Tull
James Watt
Guiding Questions
What happened to the peasants as a result of enclosures?
What technology was created?

2. The Industrial Revolution
Before the revolution, most people worked the land, used handmade tools, made their own clothes, and grew their own food.
Industrial Revolution: Began in the late 1700’s and is the shift from an agrarian to industrialized society.
Characterized by the changes in agriculture machinery and technology
Population shift from rural to urban areas
Started in Britain.
Slow complex process

3. Agriculture spurs Industry
Second agricultural revolution: Changes in farming that allows the IR to happen
Rich landowners created enclosures
The process of taking over and consolidating land formerly shared by peasant farmers
Made farming more efficient
Profits rose as farms were producing more food
Peasants pushed off their land and were forced to move to cities to find jobs
The increase in food production led to a population increase

4. People who changed agriculture
Lord Charles Townshend
Changed crop rotation
Told farmers to grow turnips to restore exhausted soil
Jethro Tull
Invented seed drill which put seeds in the rows rather than hand scattering them

5. New Technology
Thomas Newcomen developed a steam engine powered by coal to pump water out of mines
James Watt took his idea and made improvements.
Watt’s engine would become the key power source of the IR
The steam engine not only powered machinery but powered locomotives and steamships
Iron
The Darby family created new methods for producing iron
Created a less expensive and higher-quality iron
Used in machines, steam engines and railroads