1. Guidelines for your presentation

2. The preparation Reading is the most important
Your references must include at least six articles, which means you have to read more than six.
The articles that you cite must be mainly written in English.
Free paper websites such as Wenku baidu, and Doc88 should not be used as the source of your references.
Useful websites:
British websites:
BBC
Guardian
Independent

3. Tabloids:
The American websites:
Conversation (highly recommended)

4. Globle economy and finance:
education
Times
Search engine:

5. The purpose of academic argument
Crusius and Channell (2006:15-16) demonstrate that argument could have four different aims, namely, ‘to inquire, to convince, to persuade and to mediate’. In the context of higher education, the first two aims—to inquire and to convince are more relevant to the students. Arguing to inquire usually happens in serious conversations with colleagues, friends, family members or even oneself, in order to ‘form opinions, question opinions we already have, and reason our way through conflicts or contradictions in other people’s arguments on a topic.

6. ‘mature reasoning is not a matter of defending what we already believe but of questioning it’.
There is a goal of this kind of inquiry which is ‘to reach some kind of conclusion on an issue’. This conclusion is called a conviction. It is defined as ‘an earned opinion, achieved through careful thought, research and discussion’. Once a conviction is developed, one can continue to convince others to share it. Arguing to convince can be found in ‘scholarly and professional writing’ (ibid: 15).

7. The argumentation structure
Toulmin’s model (1958)
Claim
Subclaim
Data:evidence
Warrant: hypothetical statement bridges claim and data
Qualifiers: to what degree the claim is true
Rebuttals: the “circumstances in which the general authority of the warrant would have to be set aside” (unless)
Backing: support the warrant liking the data with the claim

8. The argumentation structure of the presentation
What/why/how
What is the problem?
Why is the problem caused?
How to solve this problem?
Whether… or not?
i.e. Is GM food safe or not?
What is the controversy?
The argments against it (evidence provided)
The arguments for it (evidence provided)
Your stance

9. Format
Your cover page should include your name, class, and number, the title of your research
Do not write too much on each page
Your presentation should include all the important sections of your paper: i.e. introduction, three sub-questions and conclusion. References must be provided.
Make sure that the contrast of the colours must be clear.
Plagerism must be avoided, otherwise you will be failed.
Each presentation should last no less than 4.5 minutes, but no more than 5 minutes.

10. Delivery Talking directly to the audience
Treating the audience as individuals, the speaker has won half the battle to maintain interest.
Eye contact
Speaking well
pace, pitch, tone, volume, and pause.
Adapted from Pitman, 1988, Business Communication

11. Structure of your presentation
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Introduction:
a road map, shows the direction your presentation
an outline of the main points.
necessary background or definition of terms.

12. Body
the main points, support with examples and evidence.
should be well-structured. chronological order, theme or order of importance.
clear links between main points, explanations and examples.
Use visual aids to engage the audience
Emphasise important information.
Use verbal ‘signposts’ (discourse devices), highlight key points and indicate the different sections of your presentation.
The conclusion
a summary of the main points
no new information (

13. Common problems Content: References are not provided
Evidence is not valid or lack of validity
Argumentation structure is not clear
The relationship between sections is not logic
Spelling mistakes
Plagerism
speech
The pronunciation is not clear
Speak too fast

14. Time control
Less than 4 mins
More than 5.5 mins
A TED speech as an example
PavanSukhdev_2011G-480p-en.mp4