1. Aim: How did the Allied nations cooperate to establish order in the postwar world?

2. Objectives
Student will be able to describe the steps taken by the Allies to establish order in the postwar world.
Student will be able to describe the organization of the United Nations.

3. Introduction
After World War 2, most Americans realized that it was no longer possible for the United States to stay out of world problems.
Many problems were facing the world following WW2. It would take the cooperation of the world powers to make it work.
However, growing tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union made cooperation difficult. This changed America’s relations with other nations as well as the atmosphere in the United States, too.

4. The Two Important Leaders After WW2
Harry S. Truman-President of the
United States of America ( )
Joseph Stalin-Leader of the
U.S.S.R during WW2.

5. 1. Postwar Cooperation
The Allied nations cooperated to establish order in the postwar world.
Their first problem was to decide what to do with Japan and Germany.
Their second problem-how to find a way in order to maintain cooperation and peace.

6. 1.1 Germany
The first thing the Allies needed to do was get the Nazis out of Germany.
In 1945, the International Military Tribunal was established in Nuremberg, Germany.
At the Nuremberg Trials, the twenty-four most important Nazi leaders were brought to trial-ten were hung while the rest were given long prison sentences.
Other Nazis were also convicted on war crimes.

7. Nuremberg Trials Held after the war was over,
The Nuremberg Trials brought
24 Nazi War criminals to
justice.
Most of them were hung soon
after the trial was over.

8. Question 1
Why did the Allies put Nazi leaders on trial after the war?

9. Question 2
What were the results of the Nuremberg Trial?

10. Once the trials were conducted, the Allies could now turn their attention to establishing a new government for Germany.
With Hitler gone, there was no German government. Germany was placed under an Allied Control Council and divided into four zones-each one occupied by an Allied nation (US/England/France/USSR).
The four powers had to decide how to unify the German government, but at times, this was impossible,

11. Germany After World War 2
After WW2, the leaders of the
Allied Nations-the US/England/
France and the Soviet Union
divided the nation of Germany
into four zones.
This was one of the few times
that the Allied Nations of WW2
could work together to
achieve a goal of making a
lasting peace.

12. 1.2 Japan
Leaders in Japan were also brought to trial for their war crimes.
The International Military Tribunal for the Far East sentenced six top leaders for execution, including former premier Kideki Tojo, as well as other military officers.
Although an Allied council was established, it was the United States who would be responsible for rebuilding Japan.

13. Japan was not divided into zones like Germany and was occupied by the United States.
The American in charge of the rebuilding process was General Douglas MacArthur.
Under the leadership of MacArthur, a new constitution was written. This constitution made Japan a democracy. It also gave women legal and political rights for the first time.
Our occupation ended in 1951, the United States and 47 other nations formally signed an agreement to end American occupation in Japan.
A second treaty was signed between the US and Japan giving the US the right to keep bases in Japan.

14. Post-WW2 Japan After WW2, the fate of Japan laid
In the hands of the US.
The US held war crimes trials and
Were able to convict Kedeki Tojo,
The Premier of Japan.
Japan was under the leadership of
General Douglas MacArthur.

15. Japanese Constitution
The Japanese Constitution was written
primarily by the United States in the years
following World War II.
The Constitution gave women legal and
political rights for the first time in the history of
Japan.
It also made Japan a democracy.
The most important piece of the document
stated that the Japanese would never allow
for nuclear weapons to be stored on the
Japanese mainland because of the atomic
bomb attacks in 1945

16. Question 3
How was the situation in Japan different from that of Germany?

17. Question 4
How did Japan’s constitution affect women?

18. 1.3 The United Nations
After WW2, people based their hopes for peace, in part, on a new organization—the United Nations.
The charter of the United Nations was written in San Francisco by delegates of 50 nations.
The charter of the United Nations was signed on June 26, it laid out the plans for the organization.

19. The charter called for a General Assembly with representatives from each of the member nations. Each nation had one vote used to decide UN policy.
Another piece of the charter was the UN Security Council which consists of 11 members.
Five members-the US, USSR, England, France and China—would have permanent seats in the council, while the other six would rotate every two years. Each permanent member would also have the veto power in deciding the actions of the Security Council.

20. Question 5
What nations hold permanent seats on the UN Security Council?

21. Question 6
What is the duty of the UN Security Council?

22. The charter also planned out four other parts of the United Nations.
The UN Economic and Social Council dealt with questions of human welfare and rights.
The International Court of Justice dealt with problems between the nations.
The Trusteeship handled the affairs of new nations before they became full members of the United Nations.
The Secretariat would handle the daily affairs of the UN and would be handled by the Secretary-General.

23. Question 7
What are the six major parts of the UN?

24. The UN moved into its new headquarters in NYC in 1946 on a piece of land given to it by the Rockefeller family.
However, the UN found cooperation to be difficult because of the growing tensions between the Allies and Soviet Union.

25. United Nations The UN was established during WW2 to act
as a peacetime organization for the nations
of the World.
The UN is in New York and was opened in
1946.

26. Organs of the United Nations
The General Assembly is an organization
of the 190 nations who make up the UN’s
membership body.
Each nation has one vote and decides
the policy of the UN.
The UN Security Council is made up of
11 nations. Five nations-the US, France,
Russia, England and China are permanent
members. The other six nations are elected
to two year terms.

27. Permanent Members of the UN Security Council
China
The United States
France
These five nations are
permanent members of the UN
Security Council.
Each of these nations have the
veto power to stop any
decision made by the Security
Council.
England
Russia

28. Organs of the United Nations
The International Court of Justice-this is
located in The Hague, Netherlands.
The job of the Court is to prosecute
crimes against individuals and nations.
The Secretariat is in charge of the
United Nations day-to-day affairs.
This is a picture of Ban Ki-Moon who is
Secretary-General of the United Nations.

29. Other Important Functions of the UN
World Health Organization
The World Bank
IAEA
UNICEF