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Unit 8 Chapter 5, Sections 4-5

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1 Unit 8 Chapter 5, Sections 4-5
Congressional Committees, Staff, and Support Agencies Mr. Young

2 Essential Question What is the purpose and why does Congress need Congressional Committees and Support Staff?

3 Explain the major purposes of Congressional Committees
I CAN: Explain the major purposes of Congressional Committees Define the 4 kinds of Congressional Committees Evaluate how Committee Members are chosen

4 Life-Skill Application
Don’t be afraid to ask for help in life if you do not understand what you are doing or just do not have the time to do it.

5 Quote by Woodrow Wilson
“Congress in session is Congress on public exhibition, whilst Congress in its committee-rooms is Congress at work.” (1885)

6 Purposes of Committees
Effectively _______________ thousands of bills Help to _______ workload and key _________centers in Congress

7 4 Purposes of Committees
Divide work among __________ groups Committees select few _________ that receive further considerations Listen to ____________ and ___________ of bills

8 4 Purposes Cont. By holding _________ hearings and investigations, have made the public learn about key __________ facing nation Provide _________________ _________________ investigate executive agencies to make sure they are carrying out bills as Congress intended

9 4 Types of Committees ________________ Committees

10 Standing Committees _______________ committees which oversee bills dealing with ______________ issues that carry over to the _________ Congress Controlled by ____________ party in each house and has majority of ________________________ Majority party also selects ________________ for each standing committee ______ committees in House ______ committees in Senate

11 Choosing of Standard Committee Members
Usually chosen based on these criteria:

12 Subcommittees A group within the _____________ committee that ______________ in a particular subcategory Usually ___________ from each Congress to the next Each standing committee has around _______ subcommittees Members of each _______ on a committee decides who will serve in subcommittee Subcommittees Subcommittee on African Affairs Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs Subcommittee on European Affairs Subcommittee on International Development and Foreign Assistance, Economic Affairs and International Environmental Protection Subcommittee on International Operations and Organizations, Human Rights, Democracy and Global Women's Issues Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South and Central Asian Affairs Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere, Peace Corps and Global Narcotics Affairs

13 Senate Select Committee on Ethics
Select Committees A ______________ committee formed to study one ______________ issue and report its findings to the Senate or the House Usually ___________ report bills to parent chambers Issues can contain: Matters of __________ concern _____________ problems Problems of ____________ groups Examples include: Senate Select Committee on Ethics House Committee on Standards of Official Conduct (House Ethics Committee)

14 Joint Committees Examples Include: Joint Committee on Printing
A committee made up of both members of the House and Senate that act as a __________ group with the responsibility for reporting ______________ back to both Houses. In ___________, joint committees coordinate the work of the two houses In ________________, lawmakers usually limit joint committees to handling routine matters Do not have authority to deal directly with _________ or propose ___________________ Examples Include: Joint Committee on Printing Joint Committee on Library of Congress

15 Conference Committees
A temporary committee set up when the House and Senate have passed _____________ versions of the same bill Job is to ___________ differences between the two versions Both house must pass ______________ same bill before it is sent to the President Once the final compromise bill (or conference ___________) has reached the floors, it must be considered as a whole without _________________

16 Choosing Committee Members
Extremely important because: Increase your chances of being _______________ Influence national ___________ making Exert _____________ over other lawmakers because they deal with matters important to all of Congress Important House Committees: Rules, Ways and Means, and Appropriations Committee Important Senate Committees: Foreign Relations, Finance, and Appropriations

17 Role of Committee Chairperson
Along with party leaders, chairperson of _________ committees are most _____________________ members of Congress Make ___________ decisions about work of committees When _____________ will be held and ________________ will be called upon Hire ___________ and control ______________ Manage floor ____________ on bills that come from their committee

18 Seniority System Unwritten rule in selecting ______________ gave the member of the majority party with the _________________ uninterrupted service on a particular committee the leadership of that committee

19 Chapter 5, Section 5 Staff and Support Agencies

20 Essential Question Has the demand on Congressmen and the rapid growth of government caused Congressional staff members to become to powerful?

21 Analyze the two different types of Congressional Staffs.
I CAN: Explain the importance of Congressional Staff Roles and how it has expanded over the years. Analyze the two different types of Congressional Staffs. Evaluate how Congress has created Support Agencies to help it keep some power over the Executive branch.

22 Life-Skill Application
Even if you stayed at a Holiday Inn Express last night, you still need help from experts in fields you are not familiar with.

23 Congressional Staff Roles
Do much of the important work on legislation such as: Handle the growing workload of Congress Communicate with voters Help run committee hearings and floor sessions Draft new bills Write committee reports Attend committee meetings Help them get reelected

24 Internet and Congressional Staff

25 Congressional Staff Growth
Two major reasons for growth: Became a great way to get expert help in areas that they were not very informed in Constituents demands have increased over the years

26 Lawmaker’s explanation
“More than half my total staff time is devoted to resolving individual difficulties that have developed between citizens and their government.”

27 Two types of Congressional Staff
Committee Staff Personal Staff Work directly for individual senators and representatives Administrative Assistant (AA)- runs the lawmaker’s office, supervises the lawmaker’s schedule, and gives advice on political matters Legislative Assistant (LA)- helps lawmaker become well informed about the many bills; assists in committee meetings and attends when lawmakers are not present Caseworker- handle the many requests for help from people in the lawmaker’s state or congressional districit Work for the many House and Senate committees Chairperson and senior minority party member are in charge Some are very experienced and experts in their field. Draft bills Study issues Collect information Plan committee hearings Write memos Prepare committee reports

28 Printing Office Videos
Brief History (3 min) Extensive History (7 min) Another History

29 Support Agencies 1) Library of Congress Established in 1800
Congressional Research Services (CRS)- Along with LOC, helps lawmakers with research on bills 2) Congressional Budget Office CBO established in 1974 Coordinate the budget-making process of Congress Cost projections of proposed new programs Counterbalances OMB 3) General Accounting Office GAO established in 1921 Nation’s watchdog over the spending of funds Congress appropriates Headed by comptroller general appointed to 15 year term 4) Government Printing Office GPO is the largest multi-purpose printing plant in the world Prints for entire federal gov’t Prints Congressional Record, all bills introduced and speeches and testimonies, daily.

30 Library of Congress Video
More than a Library video

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