1. Verbals

2. A participle is a verb form that is used as an adjective.
I’m having an identity crisis.
Verb

3. Examples:
The rapidly developing storm kept small boats in port.
The pleased student smiled at the teacher.

4. Present Participles
Present participles are formed by adding –ing to the plain form of the verb.
Example: The laughing student grinned like a Cheshire cat.

5. Past Participles
Past participles are formed by adding either –ed, -d-, -t, -en, or –n to the plain form of the verb. Others may be formed as irregular verbs.
Ellie, my dachshund, had a bewildered look on her face when the water from the nozzle in her bathtub suddenly turned cold.

6. Gerunds Jog jogging A gerund is a verb form used as a noun.
The gerund can be formed by adding –ing to the present tense of the verb:
Jog jogging
Jogging at night without reflective gear can be dangerous.

7. **Remember: A participle is a verb form that
Gerunds can be used as:
A subject:
Jogging is a popular form of exercise.
A direct object:
My sister enjoys jogging Enjoys what? jogging
An object of the preposition:
These shoes are made for jogging.
participle jogging shoes
**Remember: A participle is a verb form that
describes a noun.**

8. Infinitive: An infinitive is a verbal that appears after the word to.
The “to” before the verb is called “The sign of the infinitive.”
to run
to see
to hear TO

9. The word “to” is a preposition when it is followed by a noun or pronoun that is its object.
I need a ride to the game We went to Jeff’s party.
prepositions