1. Living in a World at War 1939-1945
Chapter 23
Living in a World at War
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2. Moving Toward Lend-Lease Legislation
America First Committee
Against involvement-isolationism
“ Arsenal of Democracy”- all measures short of war-FDR
Cash and Carry
Lend-Lease legislation - “loan” war materials to the British for the duration of the war
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3. Isolationism
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4. America First
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5. Growing Tensions with Japan
Meanwhile, Japan’s expansion in East Asia causes the U.S. to shut off oil shipments.
Knew an attack was coming, thought it would be the Philippines
Dec. 7, Japanese planes attack the U.S. naval fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
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6. Pearl Harbor
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7. The Attack
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8. War Declaration
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9. Mass Mobilization in a Society at War
The attack of December 7, 1941, changed everything.
All Americans had their lives changed by the war.
The war provided a job for everyone, and wartime jobs vastly expanded the size of the nation’s middle class.
Ended the Great Depression
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10. The Draft Again
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11. Deferments, Alternative Service, and War Work
Congress allowed young men to complete college-this happens in Vietnam as well.
Other Americans found themselves in new jobs they had never before imagined.
Women Rosie and Wendy!
43,000 conscientious objectors were “opposed to participation in war in any form.”
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12. Women in Military Service
The U.S. Army established the Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps, or WACs
U.S. Navy created the Women Accepted for Voluntary Emergency Service, or WAVES
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13. Rosie the Riveter and Her Friends
In the course of the war, more than 6 million more women entered the workforce
Some 2 million women went to work in previously all-male defense plants where they sometimes made up half of the workforce.
On the West Coast, 500,000 women worked in the aircraft industry and 225,000 in shipbuilding.
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14. Rosie!
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15. Women Workers WWII
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16. Marginalization in a Democracy —The March on Washington and the War at Home
A. Philip Randolph proposed a massive march on Washington to advocate for blacks’ economic rights.
FDR signed the Fair Employment Practices Committee, protecting African-American’s economic rights.
The march was called off.
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17. Japanese Internment
120,000 native-born Americans of Japanese descent sent to relocation camps in the West.
Some German Americans and Italian Americans, too but not under Executive order (9066) by FDR.
Video: Visible Target-15 facts in your Interactive Notebook, next right page.
Left side: Japanese Internment Page
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18. Munson Report
There is no Japanese `problem' on the Coast. There will be no armed uprising of Japanese. There will undoubtedly be some sabotage financed by Japan and executed largely
by imported agents...In each Naval District there are about 250 to 300 suspects under surveillance. It is easy to get on the suspect list, merely a speech in favor of Japan at some banquet being sufficient to land one there…There is far more danger from Communists and people of the Bridges type on the Coast than there is from Japanese. The Japanese here is almost
exclusively a farmer, a fisherman or a small businessman. He has no entree to plants or intricate machinery
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20. Internment Camps MAP 23-3, Internment Camps
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21. Why were the Japanese interned during WWII?
1 minute: think about it
3 minutes: write about it
1 minute: read and circle 3 main ideas (word or phrase) from your writing
2 minutes write: (about those- or keep writing)
30 seconds: read & put a square around 1 word or phrase
1 minute: write (on that-or just keep writing)
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22. Korematsu vs United States
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23. Industrial Strength, Industrial Prosperity
FDR said the United States needed to provide “crushing superiority of equipment in any theater of the world war.”
Roosevelt insisted that the United States produce:
60,000 airplanes in 1942 and 185,000 in 1943
120,000 tanks
55,000 anti-aircraft guns
16 million tons of merchant shipping
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24. FDR’s Four Freedoms
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25. Partner -Tell
What impact would the increase in the production of war goods have in the United States?
Cite three specific pieces of evidence to share out!
On your white board!
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26. Wartime Production The war ended the Great Depression
Factories to be run 24/7
End of the war – $320 billion pumped into the economy
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27. Wartime Prosperity Wartime rationing limited some goods.
People needed ration stamps to purchase their monthly allotment of meat, coffee, tires, and gasoline, and new cars were simply not available.
Housing was scarce, too.
A reduction in the speed limit
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28. Roosevelt’s Death, Truman’s Leadership
April 12, FDR dies, Harry S. Truman becomes president
April 30, Hitler commits suicide
May 8, Germany surrenders, VE Day
Think about it: How would VE Day impact the war in the pacific? Partner -Tell
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29. Rationing
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30. The War in the Pacific, 1943–1945
The U.S. employed a strategy of “island hopping.”
The war in the Pacific was brutal.
Iwo Jima
Okinawa
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31. The Atomic Era Begins Manhattan Project
Aug. 6, the Enola Gay drops “Little Boy” on Hiroshima
100,000 die instantly
Aug. 9 - “Fat Man” dropped on Nagasaki
60,000 die instantly
Aug Japan surrenders, VJ Day
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32. Hiroshima: What is the POV of these images? Partner Tell
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33. Nagasaki and VJ Day
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