1. 采用热熔合方法合成超重核的理论研究 王楠 深圳大学 合作者: 赵恩广 (中科院 理论物理所) 周善贵 (中科院 理论物理所)
合作者: 赵恩广 (中科院 理论物理所)
周善贵 (中科院 理论物理所)
李君清 (中科院 近代物理所)
W. Scheid (Giessen University, Giessen) 兰州
2012年8月10日

2. Outline Introduction Theoretical Models Results and discussions
Summary

3. Experimental achievements
Super-heavy elements up to Z=118 have been synthesized experimentally.
Z= : cold fusion, 208Pb/209Bi based reactions by evaporating 1 or 2 neutrons
( Rev.Mod.Phys.72(2000)733, Rep.Prog.Phys.61(1998)639)
Z= : 48Ca induced fusion reactions, 48Ca bombarding actinide targets by
evaporating 3-5 neutrons
( J.Phys.G34(2007)R165, NPA787(2007)343c, PRC 83, (2011))
IMP in Lanzhou: 259Db, 265Bh, 271Ds

4. Theoretical models for SHN production
Macroscopic dynamical model S. Bjornholm and W.J. Swiatecki Fusion by diffusion model Y. Abe, Y. Aritomo , Z.H. Liu, J.D. Bao , C.W. Shen, K. Siwek-Wilczynska et al Nucleon collectivization model V.I. Zagrebaev Dinuclear system model V.V Volkov, G.G. Adamian, N.V. Antonenko, A.K. Nasirov, W. Scheid, et al J.Q.Li, E.G. Zhao, S.G. Zhou, Z.Q. Feng, M.H.Huang, Nan Wang et al Other model Ning Wang

5. Schematic picture of the formation of SHNEN CN CF
capture
fusion
evaporation
Evaporation residue cross section:

6. Capture of two colliding nuclei
Transmission probability calculated from barrier distribution:
The value of 1 is 2-4 MeV less than the one of 2
V.I. Zagrebaev, Phys.Rev.C 64 (2001)

7. Di-nuclear system concept
Dinuclear system concept (from the investigation of deep inelastic collisions)
V.V. Volkov, Phys. Rep. 44(1978) 93
The formation of compound nuclei is the fusion along the mass asymmetry degree of freedom.

8. Formation of compound nucleus - Master equation
Hamiltonian

9. Effects of nuclear static deformation and dynamical deformation
development of dynamical deformation
G. Wolschin, Phys.Lett.B 88 (1979) 35
Li, Wang，Li et al., J.Phys. G 32(2006) 1143
C. Riedel, G.Wolschin, and W. Noerenberg,
Z. Phys. A 290, 47(1979).

10. Potential energy surface
Excitation energy of DNS
Potential Energy Surface(PES)
Deformation dependent
Intrinsic energy
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
G. Wolschin, Phys.Lett.B 88 (1979) 35
C. Riedel, G.Wolschin, and W. Noerenberg,
Z. Phys. A 290, 47(1979).
V.I. Zagrebaev, Phys.Rev.C 64 (2001)

11. Intrinsic energy and PES for 50Ti+249Cf
Driving potential
Intrinsic energy and PES for 50Ti+249Cf
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
Nan Wang, En-guang Zhao, Werner Scheid and Shan-gui Zhou, Phys.Rev.C 85 (2012) (R)

12. Driving potential
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏

13. Survival probability of excited compound nucleus
The thermal compound nucleus will decay by evaporating -ray, light particles and fission. The survival probabilities can be written as

14. Results and discussions
Capture cross sections for 48Ca + 238U, 237Np, 242Pu, 244Pu, 243Am, 248Cm, 249Bk, 249Cf
M. G. Itkis, et al, Proceedings of International
Workshop on Fusion Dynamics at the Extremes,
Dubna, Russia, 2000 , (2001).
Exp. W.Q. Shen et al, PRC 88(1979) 35

15. Potential energy surface and Pcn for 48Ca+238U, 48Ca+248Cm

16. Fusion probabilities for some hot fusion reactions

17. Survival probabilities for some compound nuclei produced in hot fusion reactions

18. Excitation functions for 48Ca+238U, 237Np
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
Excitation functions for 48Ca+238U, 237Np
Exp. Yu.Ts. Oganessian, et al., PRC 70 (2004)

19. Evaporation residue cross sections for 48Ca + 242, 244 Pu
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
Evaporation residue cross sections for 48Ca + 242, 244 Pu
Exp. Yu.Ts. Oganessian et al., PRC 70 (2004)
P. A. Ellison, et al, PRL 105 (2010)

20. Evaporation residue cross sections for 48Ca+243Am, 248Cm
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
Evaporation residue cross sections for 48Ca+243Am, 248Cm
Exp. Yu.Ts. Oganessian et al., PRC 69 (2004) (R) , PRC 70 (2004)
S. Hofmann, S. Heinz, R. Mann, et al., Euro. Phys. J. A 48, (2012) 1

21. Evaporation residue cross sections for 48Ca +249Bk, 249Cf
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
Evaporation residue cross sections for 48Ca +249Bk, 249Cf
Exp. Yu.Ts. Oganessian et al., PRC (2006)
PRC 83, (2011)

22. Evaporation residue cross sections for the SHN 112-120
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
Evaporation residue cross sections for the SHN

23. Experiment about synthesis of elements 120
58Fe+244Pu
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
Yu.Ts. Oganessian, et al., PRC 79 (2009)
50Ti+249Cf
C. E. Dullmann, “News from TASCA”, talk given at the 10thWorkshop on Recoil Separator for
Superheavy Element Chemistry, October 14, 2011, GSI Darmstadt, Germany (unpublished)

24. Theoretical investigations of the production of SHN 119 and 120
A.K.Nasirov et al. PRC 79(2009)
DNS Model
A.K.Nasirov et al. PRC 84(2011)
G.G.Adamian, G.A. Antonenko, W. Scheid. EJPA 41(2009) 235
Z.-G. Gan, et al ,Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron.54 (Suppl. 1), s61 (2011)
FBD model
Z.H.Liu, J.D.Bao. PRC 84(2011) (R)
K. Siwek-Wilczynska, T. Cap, M. Kowal, A. Sobiczewski,
and J. Wilczynski, PRC 78(2008)
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
V. Zagrebaev, W. Greiner PRC 78(2008)
Other model
Ning Wang, J.L.Tian, W.Scheid PRC 84(2011) (R)

25. n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏

26. Excitation functions for producing nuclei Z=120
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
Fusion probabilities as a function of excitation energy for producing nuclei Z=120
E* (MeV)

27. Fusion probabilities for
Evp. Cross sections for 50Ti+ 249Bk, 54Cr+ 243Am and 58Fe+237Np reactions leading to nuclei with Z=119
Fusion probabilities for
50Ti+ 249Bk, 54Cr+ 243Am and 58Fe+237Np reactions leading to nuclei with Z=119
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
E* (MeV)

28. Excitation functions for some Ti+ Bk, Cf isotope reactions
n orders the quasi particle energy; each plot is put from the bottom to the top in the order of canonical energy (or in the order of the node number of the dominant component)‏
Excitation functions for some Ti+ Bk, Cf isotope reactions

29. Summary
By using a newly developed dinuclear system model with a dynamical potential energy surface—the DNS-DyPES model, hot fusion reactions for synthesizing superheavy nuclei (SHN) with charge numbers Z = 112–120 are studied.
Several combinations producing elements Z=119, 120 with Fe, Cr and Ti as projectile are calculated and analyzed.
The maximum ER cross section for reaction 50Ti + 249Bk is about 0.11pb in the 4n emission channel.
The maximum ER cross sections for reactions 50Ti + 249Cf and 50Ti + 251Cf are about 0.05pb and 0.2pb in the 3n emission channels.

30. Thanks 谢谢