1. JFK DOMESTIC POLICY THE NEW FRONTIER
JFK Cold War Video Clips
In his Inaugural Address, Kennedy told Americans, “ask not what your country can do for you–ask what you can do for your country.”

2. Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
THE GREAT DEBATE
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3. THE ELECTION OF 1960 NEW KIND OF CAMPAIGN MAIN ISSUES
Television politics – tv now voting tool, $ spent on tv ads
JFK relaxed & outgoing v. Nixon stiff & formal
“Processed Politician”
4 televised debates helped JFK win in extremely close election
Campaign centered on economy & Cold War
Candidates both “Cold Warriors”
JFK felt US faced a threat from Soviets & showed concern about a “missile gap,”= believed US behind USSR in weaponry
JFK Catholic
Televised debate clip 8 mins
-The 1960 presidential election began the era of television politics
-The Democratic candidate, John F. Kennedy, was a Catholic from a wealthy Massachusetts family.
Republican candidate Richard Nixon was a Quaker from a financially struggling family.
-During the campaign, Democrats spent over $6 million in television and radio ads, while Republicans spent over $7.5 million.
-really Soviets only area barely ahead in was rocketry
-Nixon believed the Republican administration was on the right track with its foreign policy.
*The candidates differed little on the issues. They both promised to boost the economy, and they were both determined to stop communism.

4. THE KENNEDY MYSTIQUE
John Kennedy’s youth, optimism, & charisma inspired Americans.
In his Inaugural Address, Kennedy told Americans, “ask not what your country can do for you–ask what you can do for your country.”
JFK was 1st president to broadcast his press conferences live on television.
His good looks, glamorous wife, children, and large extended family drew great media coverage.

5. SUCCESS & SETBACK ON THE DOMESTIC FRONT
JFK’s legislative agenda = the New Frontier: increase aid to education, provide health insurance to the elderly, create a Department of Urban Affairs, & help migrant workers.
JFK struggles with Congress – many Democrats don’t feel owe him anything & many conservatives feel program too costly & too big
Congress invests more funds for defense & space exploration to create more jobs & encourage economic growth
JFK boosted the economy through increased business production & efficiency
Kennedy helped the women’s movement during the 1960s
He created a Presidential Commission on the Status of Women, calling for federal action against gender discrimination and affirming the right of women to equally paid employment
-Kennedy was unsuccessful in pushing through many of his domestic programs even though the Democratic Party had large majorities in both houses of Congress.
-Many Republicans and conservative Southern Democrats felt the New Frontier was too costly.
Congress defeated many of Kennedy’s proposals.
-under JFK The Presidential Commission on the Status of Women was created. Gender discrimination in federal civil service ended, and the Equal Pay Act was passed.
Kennedy advocated the New Deal strategy of deficit spending that had been implemented during Roosevelt’s presidency.
-how did JFK strain his relationship with business leaders? Businesses were asked to hold down prices and labor leaders were asked to hold down pay increases in an effort to stimulate economic growth. After several steel industries raised prices, Kennedy threatened to purchase cheaper steel from foreign companies. The steel companies backed down after Kennedy was going to have them investigated for price fixing.

6. WARREN COURT REFORMS (1954-1967)
Earl Warren = Chief Justice of the United States since Eisenhower’s presidency, & the Warren Court took on a much more activist tone, which helped shape national policy.
The Warren Court took a stand on several key issues, such as the civil rights movement, freedom of the press, separation of church and state, and the rights of the accused.
**get oyez court summaries of the court decisions discussed on p. 844 chart in textbook * have students read and explain/present each case to the class
-Social issues were a focus during Kennedy’s time in office.
-Many of these decisions are still being argued today
CIVIL RIGHTS
Brown v. Board of Education (1954) – segregation in schools unconstitutional
Baker v. Carr (1962) – electoral districting can be redrawn
Reynolds v. Sims (1964) – state legislative districts equal in population
Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States (1964) – desegregation of public accommodations
Loving v. Virginia (1967) – states cannot ban interracial marriage
DUE PROCESS
Mapp v. Ohio (1961) – unlawfully seized evidence is inadmissible at trial
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) – suspects entitled to court-appointed attorney if unable to afford
Escobedo v. Illinois (1964) – right to attorney during police questioning
Miranda v. Arizona (1966) – police must inform suspects of their rights during arrest process
FREEDOM OF RELIGION & FREEDOM OF SPEECH
Engel v. Vitale (1962) – state-mandated prayer in school banned
Abington School District v. Schempp (1963) – state-mandated Bible readings in school banned
New York Times v. Sullivan (1964) – celebrities may sue media for libel only in certain circumstances

7. 5 mins warran court lady gaga review clip
-The decisions of the Warren Court were favored by some while opposed by others, but the Court had an immense role in shaping national policy.
-reapportionment important because shifted political power from rural conservative areas to urban liberal areas. It increased the political power of African Americans and Hispanics who lived in cities.
One of the Warren Court’s most important decisions involved reapportionment = way in which states draw up political districts based on changes in population.
Decided on the principle of “one man, one vote,” which required state legislatures to reapportion electoral districts so that all citizens’ votes would have equal weight.
During the 1960s, the U.S. Supreme Court used the 14th Amendment to apply the Bill of Rights to the states.
Due process required that the law not treat an individual unfairly, arbitrarily, or unreasonably, and that courts must follow proper procedures and rules when trying a case.
The issue of separation between church and state was reaffirmed when the Court ruled that states could not compose official prayers & require prayer in public schools.

8.
DEATH OF A PRESIDENT
Nov. 22, 1963, JFK was shot twice while riding in a presidential motorcade & pronounced dead a short time later
Lee Harvey Oswald = a Marxist, accused of killing Kennedy, shot & killed 2 days later by Jack Ruby.
Suspected that Ruby killed Oswald to protect others involved in the murder
Chief Justice Warren concluded that Oswald was the lone gunman.
The report of the Warren Commission left a few questions unanswered, & a conspiracy theory has persisted
Kennedy’s successor, Lyndon Johnson, continued to promote many of Kennedy’s programs.
JFK assassination
(10:31 mins – beyond conspiracy)