1. Human Immune response and blood
Biochemical and cellular processes that protect the organism from damage by foreign substances – usually microorganisms and their proteins.

2. What happens during the immune response?
Organism
Feels sick/’crummy’: fever, tired, achy
Organ Systems
Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Endocrine
Cells
Increased white blood cell (leukocyte) count
Biochemicals
Production of immune response proteins – antibodies and inflammatory chemicals

3. Blood and the immune response
The immune response is carried out by white blood cells (leukocytes) that leave the blood stream
While in the blood stream leukocytes are ‘on patrol’ and the immune response is not active
RBC, platelet, WBC

4. Blood and the immune response
The immune response is carried out by white blood cells (leukocytes) that leave the blood stream
When leukocytes leave the blood stream they are ‘fighting’ as part of an active immune response

5. Blood and the immune response
Leukocytes compose >1% of normal blood, but increase significantly during an immune response

6. Blood and the immune response
Immune Response does:
Recognize
Respond
Remember
Because
White blood cells do:
Phagocytosis
Produce Chemicals
Kill
Communicate

7. Blood and the immune response
Recognize
Neutrophils eat
Basophils and eosinophils produce chemicals to communicate
Monocytes eat
Monocytes produce chemicals to communicate
Lymphocytes produce chemicals to kill
Respond
Remember
Lymphocytes produce chemicals to communicate

8. Types of leukocytes

9. Types of leukocytes

10. Types of leukocytes Granulocytes Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil
Eat/phagocytosis
Chemicals to communicate
Chemicals to communicate
Chemicals to communicate

11. Types of leukocytes Agranulocytes Lymphocyte Monocyte
Produce chemicals to kill
Produce chemicals to communicate
Eat/phagocytosis
Produce chemicals to communicate

12. Immunity Memory lymphocytes remain dormant after 1st infection
2nd encounter initiates a response that is faster and stronger than the initial response
Results in ‘immunity’ and can be produced artificially by vaccination