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18.3 Kingdom & Domains I. Updating Classification Systems
A. From ___ to ___ Kingdoms 1. only _________& __________ to start 2. by 1950 ____________, __________, & ________ added B. ___ kingdoms 1. In 1990’s Kingdom ________ questioned 2. Then split into ____________ & _______________
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II. The Three Domain System
A. Major _________________ 1. Cell type: ____________ or __________ 2. Cell Walls: _________ or __________ 3. Body Type: __________ or __________ 4. Nutrition: ___________ or ___________ B. Domain Bacteria 1. equivalent to Kingdom ______________ 2. prokaryotes that have a strong exterior ______ & a unique __________ system
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3. All similar in structure, with no internal ________________.
4. Most abundant ____________ on Earth & found in every _______________. C. Domain __________ 1. equivalent to Kingdom ______________. 2. chemically unique ______ _______ & __________ , & a unique genetic system 3. evolved in a separate lineage from ___________ early in Earth’s history 4. some archaea eventually gave rise to _____________.
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5. Were first found in __________ environments
a. ex. - ______ lakes, the _______ ocean, or hot springs that exceeded _____°C. b. These are called ______________ 6. Methanogens live in _________-free environments. D. Domain Eukarya 1. Made up of Kingdoms ___________, __________, __________, & _________ 2. complex inner structure allowed cells to become ________ than earliest cells.
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3. Utilize true multicellularity & _________ reproduction
4. ______________ a. autotrophs that use ______________ b. cell wall is made of ____________ c. More than _________ known species 5. _____________ a. multicellular __________________. b. lack a rigid cell ________.
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6. ___________ a. heterotrophs, mostly _____________ b. cell wall is rigid material called _________ c. more closely related to ___________ than to any other kingdom. d. More than ____________ known species 7. _______________ a. a “leftover” taxon, so it is a ____________ group. b. did not descend from a ___________ common ancestor. c. More recently, biologists have proposed to replace _____________ with several new ______________.
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