1. Do now activity #6 Give the complementary DNA strand for: A T A
Give the mRNA transcript for:
T A T
Give the correct amino acid for:
A U A

2. The Genetic Code U C A G U C A G 2nd Base 1st Base 3rd Base
phenylalanine
leucine
isoleucine
methionine
valine
serine
proline
threonine
alanine
tyrosine
STOP
histidine
glutamine
asparagine
lysine
aspartate
glutamate
cysteine
tryptophan U C A G
arginine
glycine
2nd Base
The
Genetic
Code
1st
Base
3rd
Base

3. The Genetic Code U C A G U C A G 2nd Base 1st Base 3rd Base
phenylalanine
leucine
isoleucine
methionine
valine
serine
proline
threonine
alanine
tyrosine
STOP
histidine
glutamine
asparagine
lysine
aspartate
glutamate
cysteine
tryptophan U C A G
arginine
glycine
2nd Base
The
Genetic
Code
1st
Base
3rd
Base

4. The Genetic Code U C A G U C A G 2nd Base 1st Base 3rd Base
phenylalanine
leucine
isoleucine
methionine
valine
serine
proline
threonine
alanine
tyrosine
STOP
histidine
glutamine
asparagine
lysine
aspartate
glutamate
cysteine
tryptophan U C A G
arginine
glycine
2nd Base
The
Genetic
Code
1st
Base
3rd
Base

5. The Genetic Code U C A G U C A G 2nd Base 1st Base 3rd Base
phenylalanine
leucine
isoleucine
methionine
valine
serine
proline
threonine
alanine
tyrosine
STOP
histidine
glutamine
asparagine
lysine
aspartate
glutamate
cysteine
tryptophan U C A G
arginine
glycine
2nd Base
The
Genetic
Code
1st
Base
3rd
Base

6. Section 2-4: Cell Differentiation
Essential Question
What 2 things have to happen before cell differentiation?
Section 2-4: Cell Differentiation
Learning Target
Create a flow map demonstrating the differentiation of cell types from a zygote to tissue types through mitosis.

7. announcements Biology Tutoring this week: Lunch B (Tuesday & Thursday)
7:00AM (Monday – Friday)
15mins after school Biology Tutoring today.
There are no make-ups for the Enzyme Lab

8. Don’t forget to chunk your notes!

9. Humans have ___ chromosomes.
overview 46
Humans have ___ chromosomes.

10. overview
2 Types
1. Sex chromosomes
2. Autosomes

11. Meiosis produces ____ cells.
overview
sex
Meiosis produces ____ cells.

12. Mitosis makes more “body” cells.
overview
Mitosis makes more “body” cells.

13. meiosis Sex Chromosomes
Sex chromosomes determine the sex of an organism
Humans have __
cyclins

14. meiosis
Sex Chromosomes
X X = ______
X Y = ______
cyclins

15. meiosis
2 Parts
Meiosis 1
Meiosis 2
cyclins

16. meiosis
Meiosis 1
Diploid (2N): cells that contain both sets of homologous chromosomes (somatic cells)
cyclins

17. meiosis
Meiosis 2
Haploid (N): cells that contain a single set of chromosomes (gametes)
cyclins

18. Interphase The DNA doubles.
meiosis
Interphase The DNA doubles.
cyclins

19. Prophase 1 Crossing over takes place to create diversity.
meiosis
Prophase 1 Crossing over takes place to create diversity.
cyclins

20. Go to Section:

21. Go to Section:

22. Go to Section:

23. meiosis
Crossing Over
Parts of chromatids are exchanged when gametes are formed.
Happens during Metaphase 1 & 2
cyclins

24. Metaphase 1 Chromosomes line up in the middle.
meiosis
Metaphase 1 Chromosomes line up in the middle.
cyclins

25. Anaphase 1 Homologous chromosomes are pulled apart.
stages
Anaphase 1 Homologous chromosomes are pulled apart.
cyclins

26. Telophase 1 Cells divide.
meiosis
Telophase 1 Cells divide.
cyclins

27. meiosis
Prophase 2 “Nothing”
cyclins

28. Metaphase 2 Chromosomes line up in the middle.
meiosis
Metaphase 2 Chromosomes line up in the middle.
cyclins

29. Anaphase 2 Sister chromatids are pulled apart.
meiosis
Anaphase 2 Sister chromatids are pulled apart.
cyclins

30. Telophase 2 Cells divide.
meiosis
Telophase 2 Cells divide.
cyclins

31. Cytokinesis Because of ___ ___ , 4 different cells are made.
meiosis
Cytokinesis Because of ___ ___ , 4 different cells are made.
Crossing over

32. 1 Male Cell Makes 4 different sperm.
meiosis
1 Male Cell Makes 4 different sperm.
cyclins

33. 1 Female Cell Makes 1 egg cell and 3 polar bodies.
meiosis
1 Female Cell Makes 1 egg cell and 3 polar bodies.
cyclins

34. A zygote is a fertilized egg.
meiosis
A zygote is a fertilized egg.
cyclins

35. mitosis Autosomes All of the other chromosomes are known as autosomes.
Humans have __
cyclins

36. The cell cycle begins with _____ .
mitosis
interphase
The cell cycle begins with _____ .

37. It divides using ________ .
mitosis
mitosis
It divides using ________ .

38. And it splits up cells using _____ .
mitosis
Cytokinesis
And it splits up cells using _____ .

39. Nuclear envelope
Spindle fibers
Cell membrane
chromosomes
Prophase

40. Cell membrane
chromosomes
Spindle fibers
Metaphase

41. Anaphase Sister chromatids or (chromosome) or (DNA) Spindle fibers
Cell membrane
Anaphase

42. Telophase Cell membrane Spindle fibers pinch DNA pinch
Nuclear envelope
DNA
Telophase

43. Cytokinesis 2 (Identical) daughter cells Nuclear envelope
DNA
Cell membrane
Cytokinesis

44. Mitosis is rapid somatic cell division.

45. Cell differentiation
After rapid cell division, these cells are sorted into different groups.

46. After rapid cell division, these cells are assigned their “jobs”.
Cell differentiation
After rapid cell division, these cells are assigned their “jobs”.

47. Please fill in the blanks to complete the flow map.
Cell differentiation
Zygote
Mitosis
Meiosis
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
Example: Skin
Example: Bones
Example: Gut
Please fill in the blanks to complete the flow map.