1. Chapter 14 Human Technology Interface

2. Human–Technology Interface
Any time a human uses technology, there is some type of hardware and/or software that enables and supports the interaction.

3. Workarounds Circumvent troublesome technology Are bandaids
Do not fix the problem
Could put the patient at risk

4. Human–Technology Interfaces
Examples
EMR
Defibrillator
patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump
Drug administration system
any number of physiologic monitoring systems
electronic thermometers
and, of course, telephones and pagers.

5. Telehealth
Uses telecommunication and videoconferencing software to communicate more effectively and more frequently with patients at home by using the technology to monitor patients’ vital signs, supervise their wound care, or demonstrate a procedure.

6. Telehealth Interfaces
Allow patients to interact with a virtual clinician (actually a computer program) that will ask questions, provide social support, and tailor education to identify patient needs based on the answers to screening questions

7. Telehealth Interfaces
These human–technology interfaces have been remarkably successful; sometimes patients prefer them to live clinicians!

8. Human Technology Interface Problems
The major cause of up to 87% of all patient monitoring incidents. It is not always that technology is faulty. Technology may perform flawlessly, but interface design may lead human user to make errors (Vicente, 2004).

9. Technology Should Fit 5 Levels of Human Requirements
Physical
Psychological
Team
Organizational
Political

10. Analysis Tools and Techniques
Task-analysis
Cognitive task analysis (CTA)
Cognitive work analysts (CWA)

11. Involve the users Focus group Cognitive walkthrough
Heuristic evaluation
Formal usability test
Field study

12. FITT Model Fit between Individuals, Tasks, and Technology that
Suggests that each of these factors
be considered in designing and evaluating human-technology interfaces

13. Doctors Vs. Nurses
Doctors and nurses describe patient information differently
doctors emphasized diagnosis, treatment and management;
nurses emphasized functional issues.

14. In the Ideal World Every human-technology interface will be
designed to enhance users’ workflow
as easy to use as ATM machines
fully tested prior to its implementation in a setting that mirrors the setting where
it will be used