1. Chapter 8 Supporting Your Speech
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2. Purposes of Supporting Materials
Clarity
Vividness
Credibility

3. Types of Supporting Materials

4. Examples
Brief
Extended
Actual
Hypothetical

5. Definition
Synonym
Etymology
Example
Operation

6. Narration
Personal
Third-person

7. Comparison and Contrast
Literal
Figurative

8. Statistics Don’t rely exclusively on statistics. Round off.
Use familiar measures.
Use presentational aids.
Stress their impact.

9. Testimony
Direct quotation
Paraphrase

10. Tests of Evidence Is the evidence quoted in context?
Is the source of the evidence an expert?
Is the source of the evidence unbiased?
Is the evidence relevant to the point?
Is the evidence specific?
Is the evidence sufficient to prove the point?
Is the evidence timely?

11. Evaluating Electronic Information
Purpose
Expertise
Objectivity
Accuracy
Timeliness
This checklist was adapted from Serena Fenton and Grace Reposa, “Evaluating the Goods,” Technology & Learning Sept. 1998: 28-32; Caroline L. Gilson, “Evaluating Information Resources,” 3 June 1999, McConnell Library, Radford Univ., 2 July 1999 < Esther Grassian, “Thinking Critically About World Wide Web Resources,” 10 Oct. 1997, UCLA College Library, 10 March 1999 < Stephanie Michel, “Evaluating Information on the World Wide Web,” 9 June 1999, McConnell Library, Radford Univ., 2 July 1999 < Keith Stranger, “Criteria for Evaluating Internet Resources,” 30 Nov. 1998, University Library, Eastern Michigan Univ., 4 March 1999 <

12. Citing Your Sources “Oral footnotes”. . .
Enhance the credibility of what you say.
Help listeners find sources.