1. Feudal
Japan

2. Japan is an archipelago – chain of islands

3. Geography Island nation Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis
Covered by mountains
Limited arable (good for farming) land
Limited natural resources
How do you think Japan’s geography affected its’ culture and history?

4. Heian Period: 794-1156 Characteristics: 
Growth of large landed estates.
Arts & literature of China flourished.
Elaborate court life [highly refined]
ETIQUETTE. 
Personal diaries
The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon [10c]
Great novel
The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki Shikibu [1000 pgs.+]  

5. Heian Period: Cultural Borrowing
Chinese writing.
Chinese artistic styles.
Buddhism [in the form of ZEN].
BUT, not the Chinese civil service system! 

6. CULTURAL DIFFUSION!
How did the Heian period of Japan exhibit cultural diffusion? (Think of Chinese influence)

7. Heian Court Dress

8. The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon (diary)

9. Tale of Genji (first novel)

10. Lady Murasaki Shikibu
She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana, while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji.

11. The emperor reigned, but did not always rule!
Feudal Society

12. Feudalism
A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service Japan:
Shogun
Land - Shoen
Loyalty
Land - Shoen
Daimyo
Daimyo
Loyalty
Samurai
Samurai
Samurai
Food
Protection
Peasant
Peasant
Peasant
Peasant

13. Code of Bushido
Fidelity
Politeness
Simplicity

14. Seppuku: Ritual Suicide
It is honorable to die in this way.
Kaishaku – his “seconds”

15. Full Samurai Attire

16. Samurai Sword

17. Early Mounted Samurai Warriors

18. Underpinnings: Basic Steps in Self Defense
A COTTON BREECH CLOUT that extended up over the chest was the basic undergarment of a samurai’s costume
A SHORT SLEEVED KIMONO, or “armor robe,” was tied snugly at the waist with a special knot (lower right)

19. BILLOWING PANTALOONS,worn over the armor robe, fitted loosely in the legs to allow freedom of movement
AN EXQUISITE BROCADE, richly worked with a design of peonies, was one of the extravagant materials used in an armor robe that may have been made for a 14th Century imperial prince
STURDY SHINGUARDS of cloth or leather were reinforced with strips of iron to give protection from the front

20. Medieval Warriors
vs.
European knight
Samurai Warrior

21. Medieval Warriors
vs.
Knight’s Armor
Samurai Armor

22. Zen Buddhism
A Japanese variation of Buddhism, which came from India through China.
It reinforced the Bushido values of mental and self-discipline.

23. 4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.
Mongol “Invasions” of Japan
4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.

24. Ashikaga Age: 1338-1573 Shoguns fought for power. Laws are unclear.
Armies of samurai protected the country. 

25. Osaka Castle

26. Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle

27. The Age of the Warring States: (1467 - 1568)
Castles built on hills in different provinces.
Power shifts from above to below.
Europeans arrive in Japan  bringing firearms & Christianity.
Christianity & foreign trade flourish.

28. Tokugawa Shogunate Period
Japan closed off to all trade [except to the Dutch and Chinese]. 
The Dutch were restricted to a small island in Nagasaki harbor.
Japanese Christians persecuted and Christianity is forbidden.
The government is centralized with all power in the hands of the shogun.
Domestic trade flourishes.
Towns, esp. castle towns, increase.
Merchant class becomes rich! 
New art forms  haiku poetry, kabuki theater.