1. LEARNING

2. How does biology and society impact learning?
Essential Question
How does biology and society impact learning?

3. Terms, concepts, and theorist
Learning
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Observational Learning
Latent Learning
Abstract Learning
Insight Learning
Ivan Pavlov
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS):
Unconditioned Response (UCR)
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
Conditioned Response (CR):

4. How do we learn?
Most learning is associative learning
Learning that certain events occur together.
Learning is a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience.
Learning is more flexible in comparison to the genetically-programmed behaviors of Chinooks, for example.

6. Three Main Types of Learning
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Observational Learning
Latent Learning
Abstract Learning
Insight Learning

7. Classical Conditioning
Ideas of classical conditioning originated with the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. His work provided a basis for later behaviorists like John Watson.

8. At your table define what classical conditioning is.
Group
At your table define what classical conditioning is.

10. Classical Conditioning, Explained
The most important thing to remember is that classical conditioning involves automatic or reflexive physical responses, and not voluntary behavior (that’s operant conditioning)

11. Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response.
Unconditioned Response (UCR): the unlearned, naturally occurring response to the UCS.

12. Conditioned Stimulus (CS): an originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with the UCS, comes to trigger a response.
Conditioned Response (CR): the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.

14. What are some examples of Classical Conditioning in your life?

15. Create a group example Your example must have all the parts UCS UCR CS

16. Identify the UCS, UC, CS, CR Cesar uses to classically condition dogs?
The Dog Whisperer
Identify the UCS, UC, CS, CR Cesar uses to classically condition dogs?

18. Pavlov spent the rest of his life outlining his ideas
Pavlov spent the rest of his life outlining his ideas. He came up with 5 critical terms that together make up classical conditioning.
Acquisition
Generalization
Extinction
Spontaneous Recovery
Discrimination

19. Acquisition The initial stage of learning.
The phase where the neutral stimulus is associated with the UCS so that the neutral stimulus comes to elicit the CR (thus becoming the CS).
Does timing matter?
The CS should come before the UCS
They should be very close together in timing.

20. Generalization
The tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the CS to elicit similar responses.
Watson’s experiment with “Little Albert”- you could associate the same response to a similar stimuli.
In “little Albert’s” case his fear (UCR) of rats based on loud noises (UCS) by Watson.

21. Extinction The diminishing of a conditioned response.
Will eventually happen when the UCS does not follow the CS.
Is extinction permanent?

22. Spontaneous Recovery
The reappearance. After a rest period, of an extinguished conditioned response.
The previously “lost” or “forgotten” response is recovered without doing anything.

23. Discrimination
The learned ability to distinguish between a CS and other stimuli that does not signal UCR.

24. Mind and body

25. Operant & Classical Conditioning
Classical conditioning involves automatic or reflexive physical responses Operant conditioning, on the other hand is a voluntary response
Operant conditioning involves operant behavior, a behavior that operates on the environment, producing rewards or punishment.
Consequences lead to changes in voluntary behavior

26. Types of Reinforcement- Reinforcement: Any event that strengthens the behavior it follows.

27. Punishment-An aversive event that decreases the behavior it follows.

28. Boot Camp-Video Questions
What types of Classical and Operant conditioning did you witness through out the video?
What do you think the Marines are trying to accomplish/teach through this type of process?

29. Marine link

30. Marine Boot Camp and Classical and Operant conditioning Footage

31. Paying for Grades: questions
Do you believe that paying students for good grades is a positive or negative reinforcement? How so and what are the long term behavioral changes ?

33. 3 top reasons students should be rewarded for good performance in class and on test, this includes state testing.
3 top reasons students should not be rewarded for their performance in class and on tests this includes state testing.

35. Three Strikes Law
Do strict rules and laws reinforce acceptable behavior? In the case of the 3 strike law, what were the negative or positive consequences?
Copy and paste the following link into the “google machine” and answer the question above.

37. Psychology Today Article
What are the consequences of over praising children? What maybe some of the unforeseen ramifications?