1. Active & Passive Prepared By: - Nityanandesh Narayan Tripathi
PGT English
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya

2. Voice is the form of verb that shows whether: -
What is voice
Voice is the form of verb that shows whether: -
Subject does something or
Something is done to Subject.

3. What is active voice
If the Verb shows that Subject does some work then the Verb is in Active Voice
I hit the Ball
Concept Picture: - S

4. What is passive voice
If the Verb shows that something is done to Subject then the Verb is in Passive Voice
Ball hits me.
Concept Picture: - S

5. Rule to change Pronouns
Active Voice
Passive Voice I Me We Us
You
She
Her He
Him
They
Them It
Who
Whom

6. Rule to change a. v. in different tenses
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Indefinite Do
Continuous Be
Be + Being
Perfect
Have
Have + Been
Future
Will
Will Be
Where
Auxiliary Verb
Forms
Be =
Is, Am, Are, Was, Were
Do =
Do, Does, Did, Done
Have =
Have, Has, Had

7. Conversion Rule 1 – Affirmative Sentence
Active Voice
Subject
A. V.
Verb
Object
Subject
Do/
Be + Being/ Have + Been
Verb 3rd Form by
Object
Passive Voice

8. Conversion Rule 2 – Negative Sentence
Active Voice
Subject
A. V.
Verb
Object
Subject
Do Not/
Be + Not Being/
Have + Not Been
Verb 3rd Form by
Object
Passive Voice

9. Conversion Rule 2 – Interrogative Sentence
Active Voice
A. V.
Subject
Verb
Object
A. V.
Subject X/
Being/
Been
Verb
3rd Form by
Object
Passive Voice

10. Examples – Indefinite Tense
(Present Active)
Mohan writes a letter.
(Present Passive)
A letter is written by Mohan.
(Past Active)
We played with toys.
(Past Passive)
Toys were played by us.

11. Examples – Continuous Tense
(Present Active)
Baby is eating a mango.
(Present Passive)
A mango is being eaten by Baby.
(Past Active)
You were singing a song.
(Past Passive)
A song was being sung by you.

12. Examples – Perfect Tense
(Present Active)
He has won many prizes.
(Present Passive)
Many Prizes have been won by him.
(Past Active)
They had taken bath.
(Past Passive)
Bath had been taken by them.

13. Active Voice Passive Voice Some special rules 1– Passive of modal A.V.
Subject
Modal
Verb
Object
Subject
Modal + Be
Verb 3rd Form by
Object
Passive Voice

14. Example: - Passive of Modal Auxiliaries
(Active)
You can help needy people.
(Passive)
Needy people can be helped by you.
(Active)
You should not touch fire.
(Passive)
Fire should not be touched by you.

15. Active Voice Passive Voice
Some Special Rules 2 – Passive of Imperative Verbs
Active Voice
Verb
Object
Let
Object Be
Verb 3rd Form
Passive Voice

16. Examples (Active) Do your work. (Passive) Let your work be done.
Close the door.
(Passive)
Let the work be done.

17. Intransitive Verbs can not be used in Passive.
When Passive can’t be made?
Intransitive Verbs can not be used in Passive.
This is because they don’t have objects.
So there is nothing to become subject of the Passive Sentence.
For example, with verbs like die or arrive.

18. How to recognize Active and Passive sentences
Identify the subject of the sentence.
Identify the action that the sentence identifies.
Examine the relationship between the subject and verb.
Does the subject perform the action of the verb?
(If so, the sentence is active.)
Does the subject sit there while something else -- named or unnamed -- performs an action on it?
(If so, the sentence is passive.)
Can't tell? If the main verb is a linking verb ("is," "was," "are," "seems," etc.),
Then the verb functions like an equals sign;
There is no action (either active or passive) involved –
it merely describes a state of being.

19. Example to Identify The Active and Passive Sentences
I love you.
1. subject: "I"
2. action: "loving"
3. relationship: The subject ("I") is the one performing the
action ("loving").
This sentence is active.
You are loved by me.
1. subject: "you"
3. relationship: The subject ("You") sits passively while the action ("loving") is performed by somebody else ("me").
This sentence is passive.

20. Some Questions for You I eat apple. He is talking with his friend.
Dravid has hit the ball.
The teacher had taken the class.
Does Dheeraj play football?
Why did you beat me?
Don’t go that way.
Open the door.
Speak the truth.
Students have washed the hand before their meal.
Why do you pray the God?
Has you completed the homework?

21. See the picture and Hint then make the Sentence In Active and Passive2 3 1 4
Subject: - Sweeper
Object – Floor
Verb - Sweep
Subject: - Saint
Object – Man
Verb - Teach
Subject: - Father
Object – Daughter
Verb - Carry
Subject: - Harris
Object – Violin
Verb - Play 5 7 8 6
Subject: - Suresh
Object – Boll
Verb - Bounce
Subject: - Bike
Object – Donald
Verb - Steal
Subject: - Girls
Object – Tea
Verb - Prepare
Subject: - Batsman
Object – Ball
Verb - hit

22. Exercises
Raman is feeling proud of his father because he………(elect) president of welfare association. It seems he is not aware of the unfair means that ……..(use) for his success. In reality he……….not……..(like) by the people because of his impolite manners and wrong practices.
Last Monday Annual Function………….(celebrate) in our school. Sri Radha Raman ………….(invite) as chief guest. The prizes……….(give away) to the best performers of the year. The chief guest appreciated the event and the discipline of the students and the parents.
A new bill……..(introduce) in the parliament during the next session. The draft of the bill………(examine) currently by experts. It…………(like) by the people of the country as they have been demanding by it for many years.

23. Thanks