1. The Reformation and the Wars of Religion
How the Catholic Church got Religion.

2. Johan Tetzel
“As soon as a coin in the coffer rings, a soul from purgatory springs.” Johan Tetzel went through Germany asking peasants to donate coins they could ill-afford to building St. Peter’s Cathedral. Luther objected because this exploited peasants ignorance, but, most importantly, it was theologically dubious. Luther came to the conclusion that only faith could guarantee salvation, not good works like donating to charity. He called this conclusion “justification by faith.”

3. Religious Maps of Europe

4. Martin Luther Rap

5. The Counter Reformation
The Council of Trent
New Orders/ Focus on Laity
Baroque Art
Warfare
Baroque Art- Caravaggio's "The Sacrifice of Issac"
Ignatius Loyola

6. Calvinism John Calvin applied a lawyer’s logic to Scripture.
Established a strict theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland.
Predestination
Wealth and Economy
Missionaries
John Knox in Scotland
The Low Countries (the Netherlands and Belgium)

7. John Calvin's Geneva
Geneva

8. French Wars of Religion
Henry II
Catherine Medici
Francis I
Francis II
Charles IX
Henry III
Claude de France
Henry IV of Navarre
Calvinism was popular among the French nobility.
When Henry II died in 1559, there was a power vacuum
Catherine Medici
St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre: August 24, 1572
In 1589, Henry IV of Navarre took power.

9. The Thirty Years' War Causes: The Rise of Calvinism Church Lands
The Counter-Reformation
Science
Important Developments:
Gustavus Adolphus
French Aid
Destruction
English Involvement
Important Results:
Rights for Calvinists
German Disunity
Decline of the Hapsburgs
Rise of Prussia
Last Big Religious Wars, Rise of the Politiques.
Warfare

10. Henry VIII and the English Reformation
Catherine of Aragon
Anne Boleyn

11. Henry VIII's Children
Edward VI
Mary I
Elizabeth I

12. Tudor Family Tree

13. Progression of English Leaders
James I
Charles I
Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell

14. Progression of English Leaders
William III
Charles II
James II

15. The Defenestration of Prague