1. Russian Revolution
Subtitle

2. THE ROMANOV DYNASTY (1613-1917)
PETER THE GREAT ( ) -Absolute Monarch
BEGAN POLICY OF WESTERNIZATION and MODERNATION
To make Russia an economic and military power.
**FORCED PEOPLE TO WORK & RAISED TAXES. PEOPLE HAD NO RIGHTS.

3. THE ROMANOV DYNASTY (1613-1917)
CATHERINE THE GREAT ( )
CONTINUED MODERINZATION / INCREASED TERRITORY
PEASANTS AND SERFS WERE STILL TREATED POORLY
**NO REFORMS, INCREASED TAXES TO PAY FOR WARS AND IMPROVMENTS

4. CONDITIONS UNDER THE CZARS
POVERTY AND ILLITERACY: To poor to buy the land they worked
CENSORSHIP: Could not speak-out against the government
PERSECUTION: Minorities and Jews were discriminated against (POGROMS - the organized killing of many helpless people usually because of their race or religion.)
RUSSIAFICATION: Forced people in conquered lands to adopt Russian ways (POLITICS, LANGUAGE, CULTURE, ETC.)
-Czars were just not meeting the needs of the people
-Serf’s were finally emancipated (set free) March 3, 1861

5. WHAT EVENTS LED TO THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION?
EVENTS LEADING TO THE TAKEOVER
RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR ( )
RUSSIANS DEFEATED BY THE JAPANESE
REVOLUTION OF 1905 “BLOODY SUNDAY” 1/22/1905, OVER 200,000 WORKERS PEACEFULLY DEMONSTRATE
CZAR NICHOLAS II HAS SOILDIERS FIRE ON THE CROWD
DESTROYED THE PEOPLE’S FAITH AND TRUST IN THE CZAR.

6. Bloody Sunday

7. RUSSIA ENTERS WWI
BY 1915 OVER 4 MILLION RUSSIANS DIE
**By 1917 RUSSIAN PEOPLE WANT OUT OF THE WAR

8. EVENTS LEADING TO THE TAKEOVER
MARCH REVOLUTION-1917
Economic problems led to a series of strikes led by working-class women in The women marched through the streets demanding “Peace and Bread”.
They called for a general strike, which shut down all the factories. Nicholas ordered troops to break up the crowd by shooting if necessary.
Czar Nicholas II is overthrown by mobs and soldiers. Nicholas stepped down on March 15, ending the 300-year-old Romanov dynasty.
A temporary or provisional government is set up led by Alexander Kerensky (Moderate) decided to remain in WWI. FAILS!

9. EVENTS LEADING TO THE TAKEOVER
NOVEMBER REVOLUTION-1917
Provisional Government overthrown BOLSHEVIK PARTY (renamed themselves the COMMUNISTS) take over.
Bolsheviks led by Lenin, promises the people “Peace, Land, and Bread”.

10. What Does Lenin do as leader of Russia?
Gets out of World War I
Signs TREATY OF BREST-LITOVSK with Germany in 1917

11. What Does Lenin do as leader of Russia?
Russia’s Civil War -Bolshevik regime had many enemies both with in and outside Russia. The Allies (Britain, France, U.S.) sent help to anti-Communist forces. Communist regime regained control over the independent nationalist governments in Georgia, Russian Armenia, and Azerbaijan.
Struggle between Bolsheviks = Red Army, headed by Leon Trotsky and The Mensheviks = White Army
The Red army gained total command of Russia. Wins a civil war ( )

12. What Does Lenin do as leader of Russia?
Government takes over (NATIONALIZED) all industries
Redistribution of land, millions of acres of land is taken over by peasants
Began the N.E.P. (New Economic Policy)
Government controls banks, large industry, and foreign trade.
Temporary compromise with capitalism: Some private ownership and able to sell goods for profit – Helped the economy to recover
**The N.E.P. succeeded in slowly increasing production

13. “Comrade Lenin cleanses the earth of filth”

14. What Does Lenin do as leader of Russia?
Formed Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) Begins with four republics, in 1940 there were 15 republics
Lenin dies in 1924 and Leon Trotsky is to become leader, but is quickly overthrown by Joseph Stalin. Stalin will lead USSR from 1924 – 1953

15. How does Stalin Rule USSR
Joseph Stalin Led USSR from 1924 – 1953
SOCIAL
Government is TOTALITARIAN
2. CENSORSHIP, TERROR
3. SECRET POLICE “NKVD” (People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs)

16. How does Stalin Rule USSR
POLITICAL
1. STALIN IS A DICTATOR
2. PERFORMED PURGES-MOVES TO ELIMINATE ALL
COMPETITION
3. EXECUTED OR TO THE GULAGS - SLAVE CAMPS IN SIBERIA

17. How does Stalin Rule USSR
ECONOMIC
1. GOAL= MODERNIZING RUSSIA
2. COMMNAD ECONOMY - GOVERNMENT OWNS
ALL MEANS OF PRODUCTION AND MAKES ALL
DECISIONS
** HEAVY INDUSTRIALIZATION OF MILITARY GOODS
3. PLANNED ECONOMY
INTRODUCES A SERIES OF FIVE YEAR PLANS
GOAL CHANGE THE USSR FROM FARMING TO INDUSTRY
SETS QUOTAS=GOALS TO MEET AFTER 5 YEARS
4. COLLECTIVIZATION-COMBINED SMALLER FARMS INTO LARGER FARMS THAT THE GOVERNMENT OWNS.

18. How does Stalin Rule USSR
RELIGIOUS
RELIGION ABOLSIHED
AETHIESM (ALL CHURCHES CLOSED)
MILITARY
HEAVY MILITARY BUILDUP
SIGNS THE “NAZI-SOVIET NON-AGRESSION PACT”-W/HITLER IN 1939
-RUSSIA WENT ON THE OFFENSIVE & EST. SATELLITES=STATES UNDER SOVIET CONTROL, NOT INDEPENDENT STATES
-COLD WAR BEINGS IN (RIVIALRY BETWEEN RUSSIA & U.S.)

19. NAZI-SOVIET NON-AGRESSION PACT