1. Latitude and Longitude

2. Lines of Latitude Run East and West Zero Degrees is the Equator
Measure distances North/South of the Equator
0o -90o N and S

3. Lines of Longitude Run From the North Pole to the South Pole
Zero Degrees is the Prime Meridian
Measure distances east and west of the Prime Meridian
0o – 180o E and W
180o = International Date Line

4. Important Lines of Latitude
Tropic of Cancer
23.5o N
Equator
Tropic of Capricorn
23.5o S

5. The Tropics

6. Important Lines of Latitude
Only region on Earth were the Sun can be directly overhead (90o)
Tropic of Cancer
23.5o N
Equator
Tropic of Capricorn
23.5o S

7. Important Lines of Latitude
Arctic Circle
66.5 o N
Tropic of Cancer
23.5o N
Equator
Tropic of Capricorn
23.5o S
Antarctic Circle
66.5 o S

8. Arctic & Antarctic Circles
Notice that when the Earth is tilted towards the Sun locations north of the Arctic Circle receive 24 hours of light for a period of time.

9. Important Lines of Latitude
Arctic Circle
66.5 o N
Only regions on Earth that can experience 24 hours of light or dark.
Tropic of Cancer
23.5o N
Equator
Tropic of Capricorn
23.5o S
Arctic Circle
66.5 o S

10. Breaking Up a Degree into a Smaller Amount
Listing Coordinates
Latitude is given 1st and longitude is 2nd
You must always include a direction (N, S, E, W)
Breaking Up a Degree into a Smaller Amount
One degree = 60 minutes
Symbol for a minute is ’

11. Instead of a degree being broken up into decimals (. 1. 2. 3 ect
Instead of a degree being broken up into decimals ( ect.) degrees are broken up into 60 minutes. So instead of saying 42.5o you would say, 42o 30’ N.
43o
55’
50’
45’
40’
35’
30’
25’
20’
15’
10’ 5’
42o

13. Finding Polaris – The North Star
Little Dipper
Polaris
Big Dipper

14. Correlation Between Latitude and Angle of Polaris Above the Horizon
The angle between Polaris and the horizon is equal to the latitude you are at.
Polaris
Horizon

15. Star Trails

16. Star Trails 45o Earth rotates 15o /hr
All objects move across the sky 15o /hr

17. Mercator Maps

18. Distortion of Mercator Maps