1. British Military Regime

2. I Capitulation of Montreal - 1760
Shortly after the Conquest of Quebec City, the French retreated to Montreal
Surrounded by the British Army, Montreal capitulated – French laid down their arms
1760 – British Conquest of New France

3. II Military Administration of the Colony
War of the Conquest was over, but the Seven Years’ War goes on until 1763
British General Amherst sets up a military regime in the colony – a provisional government
British military officers run the colony under governor Amherst
Provisional Government:
Temporary Government established while awaiting the establishment of a permanent government

4. III Military Regime New Measures Retained Rights
Oath of Allegiance
- Obligation of loyalty and obedience of a person to a nation or sovereign
Most French social and administrative structures were kept in place
Some British laws replaced French laws
New Measures
Retained Rights
Canadien Militia had to lay down arms
Canadiens – swear an oath of allegiance to the king
British Military Law imposed
Could continue to own land – no deportation
Free to practice Catholicism
Some French institutions preserved
seigneurial system
French civil Law
French language maintained in administration

5. Civil and Criminal Law Civil Law Criminal Law Land redistribution
Property
Inheritance
Marriage and divorce
Business (contracts)
Theft
Assault
Homicide
Fraud
High treason
Crime committed against a government authority

6. IV. Impact on the Population and Economy
Elite return home
French Elite Left France
Most Canadiens Stayed
Nobles
Officers
Major fur traders
Government administrators
Seigneurs
Clergy
peasants
craftspeople
local merchants
Peasants stay here

7. Economy
Few hundred British setters moved to the colony, mostly merchants who came to take control of the fur trade
Some French merchants left the colony
Fur trade is now conducted with Britain

8. V. Rebuilding The Colony
Certain regions of the colony were devastated
Reconstruction required a great deal of time and effort
Place Royale – Post Conquest

9. VI. Treaty of Paris -1763 Seven Years’ War ends in 1763
Britain defeats France and its allies
Certain Canadiens’ rights were recognized
Major territorial changes:
New France ceded to Britain, except Louisiana
France retains St. Pierre and Miquelon
Certain fishing rights

10. Territorial Changes

11. St Pierre et Miquelon Euro is used French license plates
Located 25 km from Newfoundland
Belongs to France
Euro is used
French license plates
6000 inhabitants
Only part of North America that belongs to France

12. Pontiac’s Revolt 1763-1766 Introduction:
British leaders modify diplomatic relations with the Natives:
Ends provisions of weapons and alcohol
New rules for trade
Subjugation rather than cooperation

13. Chief Pontiac’s call to arms
Causes of the Revolt
Natives afraid of losing land to the British
Concerned about being treated as a conquered people
Pontiac’s Revolt
Pontiac organizes Native tribes into a coalition
Coalition fought the British
Coalition conquered almost all the forts in the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley regions
Smallpox epidemic and a series of military defeats forced Pontiac to sign a peace treaty
Chief Pontiac’s call to arms