1. Egypt

2. Nile river valley

3. The Nile would flood each year, depositing rich black silt in the river valley.
This made the soil fertile.
Egypt outside of the Nile flood plain is a desert, and not good for farming.

4. Time Periods in Ancient Egypt
Old Kingdom
c B.C. – B.C.
Middle Kingdom
2040 B.C. – 1786 B.C.
New Kingdom
1570 B.C. – 1085 B.C.

5. The first dynasty (beginning of Old Kingdom) began when the king Narmer united Upper and Lower Egypt. dynasty – a series of rulers from the same family

6. Palette of Narmer

7. Written Language Three different scripts were used in ancient Egypt:
Hieroglyphic
Sacred text, used for monumental inscriptions and religious text
Hieratic
A more cursive form of Hieroglyphic, used for sacred text as well as administrative text
Demotic
A later text used mainly for administrative purposes

8. Heiroglypic

9. Heiratic

10. Demotic

11. The Rosetta Stone
Written in three texts: Heiroglyphic, Demotic, and Ancient Greek
Allowed scholars to learn to translate ancient Egyptian texts