1. Intro to Psychology

2. Why should we study psychology???
....just because it's so fabulous
and Ms. K's favorite subject?

3. What is "psychology"? Literally... psych / ology psyche = the mind
ology = the study of
Definition: the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Behavior --> any action that is observable & measurable
Mental process --> dreams, perceptions, thoughts, and memories

4. Quiz Time!!!
CLEAR YOUR DESKS!

5. Test how you handle anxiety…
What thoughts/emotions helped you deal with the situation?
What thoughts/emotions hindered your ability to deal with the situation?
Steps to overcome anxiety?

7. GOALS of Psych
Observe
Describe
Goals
Explain
Predict
Control

8. Observe, Describe, Explain, Predict, Control
Mnemonics
Owls
Don’t
Expect
Pink
Cookies
Observe, Describe, Explain, Predict, Control

9. Important Concepts
Psychology is a social science but has foundations in the natural sciences
Theory --> a statement that attempts to explain why things are the way they are and happen the way they do
Principle --> a rule or law
Research is used to test theories/hypotheses
Animal vs. Humans

10. What do psychologists do???
Subfields PROJECT!!! :)

11. What aspects of human behavior and mental processes would you most like to learn about?

12. A History of Psych
More than 2000 years ago...Socrates stated, "know thyself" --> introspection
Aristotle :
- Peri Psyches - discusses how human behavior is subject to certain rules and laws (pleasure vs. pain)
Ancient Greeks - confusion and bizarre behavior was caused by supernatural forces as punishment
Hippocrates - suggested problems are due to abnormalities in the brain

13. To float or sink?
The Middle Ages --> agitation and confusion were due to possession by demons
Tests are conducted to determine whether one was possessed

14. Modern Science ...so wait, Earth revolves around the sun?
Thank you Copernicus, Newton, Locke, Lavoisier...

15. Ideas should be supported by evidence: The 1800s
Wilhelm Wundt - 1st laboratory in Leipzig, Germany (1879)
Wundt/structuralism – the basic element of conscious experience…objective sensations & subjective feelings
William James/functionalism - "stream of consciousness"; adaptive behavior (to environment)
- 1st Psychology textbook

16. Do Now Review (  answer in your notebooks  )
1. What is psychology?
2. What are the goals of psychology?
3. How is psychology related to the natural sciences?
4. Apply the goals of psychology to the following situation: On Friday, you have your first test in psychology.

17. Behaviorism
John Watson – focus on behaviors and causes of behaviors NOT the elements of consciousness
B.F. Skinner – What truly affects behavior?
REINFORCEMENT!

18. Play song!!!!
Find paragraph with missing letters!

22. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRgGJoJqfm g

23. Gestalt Psychology
The 1920s - Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, Wolfgang Kohler
"shape" or "form" - perception is more than the sum of parts
Context influences interpretation

25. Sigmund Freud
Psychoanalysis --> emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives and internal conflicts in determining behavior
Verbal slips/dream interpretation
Consultations
Psychodynamic thinking --> assumed that most of what exists in an individual's mind is unconscious and consists of conflicting impulses, urges, and wishes

26. Other important people…
Stanley Hall – pioneered child development; 1st president of APA
Mary Whiton Calkins – 1st female president of the APA
Margaret Floy Washburn – 1st woman to earn a PhD in psychology

27. Additional questions….
1. How would one become a psychologist in your subfield? 2. Would they need a Bachelors? Masters? Doctorate? Specialization? Certification? 3. What’s the potential salary of a psychologist in your subfield?

28. DO NOW: REVIEW! Answer in your notebooks…
Who is the “father” of psychology?
What are the 5 goals of psychology?
Who first proposed behaviorism?
Who was Mary Whiton Calkins?
What was the first psychology textbook called? Who wrote it?
What was Freud known for?

29. Contemporary Perspectives
Biological
Evolutionary
Cognitive
Humanistic
Psychoanalytic
Learning
Sociocultural

31. Journal #2 due Friday, September 20
People always say to "follow your heart" or "follow your gut feeling".
- Have you experienced a situation where you "just knew"?
- What is "intuition"?
- Do you believe in intuition?

32. Ethics
Respond in your NOTEBOOKS… 1. What does it mean to be ethical? 2. How do ethics apply in psychology? 3. What would be considered unethical? 4. How might a psychologist act unethically?

33. APA’s Ethical Guidelines for Psychologists
Using recognized standards of competence and ethics, psychologists plan research so as to minimize the possibility of misleading results. Any ethical problems are resolved before research is started. The welfare and confidentiality of all participants are to be protected.
Psychologists are responsible for the dignity and welfare of participants. Psychologists are also responsible for all research they perform or is performed by others under their supervision.

35. Psychologists obey all state and federal laws and regulations as well as professional standards governing research.
Except for anonymous surveys, naturalistic observations, and similar research, psychologists reach an agreement regarding rights and responsibilities of both participants and researchers before research is started.

36. When consent is required, psychologists obtain a signed, informed consent before starting any research with a participant.
Deception is used only if no better alternative is available. Under no condition is there deception about (negative) aspects that might influence a participant’s willingness to participate.
Other issues covered include sharing and utilizing data, offering inducements, minimizing evasiveness, and providing participants with information about the study.

37. Confidentiality Records are private
Exception: to protect the well- being of the client or of other people

38. Deception New drug experiments often use placebos
May use deception in the following situations:
- when they believe that the benefits of the research outweigh its potential harm
- when they believe participants would have been willing to participate if they understood the benefits
- when participants receive an explanation of the study after it has occurred

39. Ethics Assignment Position Paper: Milgram vs. Murray
Choose one FAMOUS study in psychology. Summarize the study and decide if this study was ethical.
Define what it means to be ethical in psychology.
FULLY describe the study. What was the point? Who was involved? Where?
Discuss the ethical guidelines by the APA.
Why was this study unethical in nature?
YOU MUST USE 2 sources other than your textbook. 3 pages.
**Make sure information in cited within the paper, and have a thorough bibliography.**

40. Milgram