1. Chapter 20
Metals
Dr. S. M. Condren

2. Metallurgy the extraction of metals from ores
the preparation of metals for use
the study of the relationship between structures and properties of metals
Dr. S. M. Condren

3. Metallurgy Pretreatment of Ore Concentration Roasting
Dr. S. M. Condren

4. Pretreatment of Ore
crude ore is crushed
Dr. S. M. Condren

5. Concentration
floatation
Dr. S. M. Condren

6. Roasting converting sulfide ore to oxide
2ZnS(s) + 3O2(g) -----> 2ZnO(s) + 2SO2(g)
2CuS(s) + 3O2(g) -----> 2CuO(s) + 2SO2(g)
3FeS2(s) + 8O2(g) -----> Fe3O4(s) + 6SO2(g)
Dr. S. M. Condren

7. Manufacture of Iron and Steel
Chemistry of blast furnace
Chemistry of basic oxygen furnace
Dr. S. M. Condren

8. Chemistry of blast furnace
iron reduction
raw materials
Dr. S. M. Condren

9. Several Blast Furnaces
Dr. S. M. Condren

10. Liquid Iron Pour
Dr. S. M. Condren

11. Fe(l) & Slag(l) Pours
Dr. S. M. Condren

12. Dr. S. M. Condren

13. Dr. S. M. Condren

14. Chemistry of blast furnace
raw materials:
iron ore
limestone or lime
coke
Dr. S. M. Condren

15. Chemistry of blast furnace
iron ore => source of iron
Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO, SiO2
Dr. S. M. Condren

16. Chemistry of blast furnace
limestone or lime => flux to remove impurities
CaCO3 or CaO
Dr. S. M. Condren

17. Chemistry of blast furnace
coke => reducing agent C
Dr. S. M. Condren

18. Chemistry of blast furnace
C(s) + O2(g) > CO2(g)
coke air
Dr. S. M. Condren

19. Chemistry of blast furnace
CO C ---> 2 CO
coke
Dr. S. M. Condren

20. Chemistry of blast furnace
3 Fe2O3(s) + CO(g) -----> 2Fe3O4(s) + CO2(g)
iron ore
Dr. S. M. Condren

21. Chemistry of blast furnace
Fe3O4(s) + CO(g) -----> 3FeO(s) + CO2(g)
iron ore
Dr. S. M. Condren

22. Chemistry of blast furnace
FeO(s) + CO(g) > Fe(l) + CO2(g)
iron ore pig iron
Dr. S. M. Condren

23. Chemistry of blast furnace
CaCO3(s) + heat > CaO(s) + CO2(g)
limestone lime
Dr. S. M. Condren

24. Chemistry of blast furnace
CaO(s) + SiO2(s) > CaSiO3(l)
lime sand slag
Dr. S. M. Condren

25. Purification of Metals
Distillation
Electrolysis
Chemical Reactions
Dr. S. M. Condren

26. Production of Copper Cu2S(l) + O2(g) -----> 2 Cu(l) + SO2(g)
Cu(s) > Cu(s)
impure electrolysis pure
Dr. S. M. Condren

27. Chemistry of Basic Oxygen Furnace
iron purification
steel making
raw materials
Dr. S. M. Condren

28. Chemistry of Basic Oxygen Furnace
raw materials
pig iron from blast furnace
fluxing agent to remove impuritites
alloying agents
Dr. S. M. Condren

29. Dr. S. M. Condren

30. Chemistry of Basic Oxygen Furnace
Removal of excess of carbon
C(s) + O2(g) > CO2(g)
impurity air
in pig iron
Dr. S. M. Condren

31. Dr. S. M. Condren

32. Magnetism 2 main types diamagnetism => all electons are paired
paramagnetism => one or more unpaired electron, parallel spins on electrons
Dr. S. M. Condren