2. Final Review 8th grade Band 4th quarter

3. Time Signature Indicates the of beats per measure.

4. In 4/4 time: A quarter note receives: 1 beat An dotted quarter note receives: 1 1/2 beats A half note receives: 2 beats A dotted half note receives: 3 beats An eighth note receives: 1/2 beat A sixteenth note receives: 1/4 beat An eighth note receives: 1/2 beat

5. In 6/8 time: A quarter note receives: 2 beats An eighth note receives: 1 beat A dotted quarter note receives: 3 beats A half note receives: 4 beats A dotted half note receives: 6 beats A quarter rest receives: 2 beats An eighth rest receives: 1 beat A dotted quarter rest receives: 3 beats

6. Rests Whole Rest Half Rest Quarter Rest Eighth Rest Sixteenth Rest

7. Key Signature Indicates what notes are to be played sharp, flat & natural a, b, and n

8. Common Time 4/4 Time (The most common time signature) Cut Time 2/2 Time (Cuts notes values in half)

9. Enharmonics Notes written differently but played the same

10. Ritard or Rallentando or Allargando Gradually slow down the tempo Accelerando Gradually speed up the tempo

11. | 12 | Long Rest (12 measure rest)

12. qqq Triplet 3 The 3 is what tells you that this is a triplet

13. Dynamics Volume. The loudness and softness of music

14. Tempo The speed of a piece of music

15. Tempo Markings Largo = slowly Moderato = moderate or medium tempo Allegro = quick and lively Presto = very fast Grave = very slowly

16. Listesso Tempo Same Tempo

17. Crescendo Gradually get louder Decrescendo Gradually get softer

18. Q q Glissando Rapidly move chromatically from 1st note to 2nd note

19. h Trill tr

20. Attack Release The way a note is begun The way a note is stopped

21. Balance The adjustment of parts within a group of performers so that all can be heard.

22. Cantabile To play with a singing style

23. Dolce Sweetly

24. Tone The quality of a sound

25. Chorale A short hymn originally intended for congregational singing

26. Intonation Whether or not your instrument is in tune

27. Chromatic Scale A scale that uses all 12 tones within an octave

28. Families of Instruments in the Band Woodwinds – flute, clarinet, oboe, saxophone, English horn Brass – cornet, trumpet, French horn, trombone, baritone, tuba, Sousaphone Percussion – snare, bass, tom-toms, timpani, cymbals, keyboard percussion, auxilliary

29. Embouchure The position of the mouth and lips when playing an instrument

30. Waltz A dance in 3/4 time

31. Subito piano To play suddenly soft

32. pp Pianissimo (very soft) p Piano (soft) mp Mezzo Piano (medium soft) f Forte (loud) ff Fortissimo (very loud) mf Mezzo Forte (medium loud) fp Forte Piano (loud, then suddenly soft) sfz sfortzando (strong attack)

33. Ensemble A group of musicians (2 or more) who perform together

34. Fanfare A brilliant and ceremonial opening

35. Range The notes playable from lowest to highest in pitch

36. Accidentals Written sharps, flats, and naturals that are not indicated in the key signature

37. Composer One who writes music

38. French Horn Brass EnglishHorn Woodwind

39. D.S. al fine Go to the sign and play to fine D.C. al fine Go to the beginning and play to fine

40. 8va Play an octave higher than written

41. Major Key Signatures

42. ________________________ V t C Major

43. ________________________ V t F Major i i

44. ________________________ V t B flat Major i ________________________ i i i

45. V t E flat Major i i i i i i

46. ________________________ V t A flat Major i i i i i i i i

47. ________________________ V t D flat Major i i i i i i i i i i

48. ________________________ V t G flat Major i i i i i i i i i i i i

49. ________________________ V t C flat Major i i i i i i i i i i i i i i

50. ________________________ V t G Major # #

51. ________________________ V t D Major # # # #

52. ________________________ V t A Major # # # # # #

53. ________________________ V t E Major # # # # # # # #

54. ________________________ V t B Major # # # # # # # # # #

55. ________________________ V t F sharp Major # # # # # # # # # # # #

56. ________________________ V t C sharp Major # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

57. Bring a #2 pencil to the final. Also bring something to keep you quietly occupied in case you finish before the class period is over.