1. inversely proportional
Boyle’s Law (P & V)
P ↑ , V ↓
inversely proportional
10 L
5 L
1 atm
2 atm

2. directly proportional
Charles’ Law (V & T)
T ↑ , V ↑
directly proportional
30 L
60 L
how absolute zero was estimated
0 K
300 K
150 K
–273oC

3. Gay-Lussac’s Law (P & T)
T ↑ , P ↑
directly proportional
500 kPa
100 kPa
200 kPa
300 K
600 K

4. directly proportional
Avogadro's Hypothesis T
At the same ___ & ___, equal _________ of gas must contain equal _________. P
volumes
moles (n)
(effectively equal number of particles/molecules)
All at:
P = 1 atm
T = 25oC
V = 1.0 L O2 He
CO2
Avogadro's Law (V & n)
n ↑ , V ↑
2 mol He
1 mol He
add gas
directly proportional

5. P ↑ , V ↓ T ↑ , V ↑ T ↑ , P ↑ n ↑ , V ↑ inversely proportional
directly proportional
T ↑ , V ↑
Safari Montage – Gas Laws
T ↑ , P ↑
n ↑ , V ↑

6. K = oC + 273.15 no KE ↑Temp as ↑KEavg seen before but good to remember
average KE (which already considers mass) is directly proportional to temperature
↑Temp as ↑KEavg
373 K
273 K
K = oC
no KE
0 K
absolute zero
–273oC.15
–459.67oF

7. T ↑ , P ↑ P ↑ , V ↓ T ↑ , V ↑ Quick Quiz!
1) A balloon becomes slightly smaller when
moved from a mountaintop to the seashore.
Which gas law explains this behavior?
Gay- Lussac’s law
B) Boyle’s law
C) Charles’s law
D) Brock’s law
T ↑ , P ↑
P ↑ , V ↓
T ↑ , V ↑
Work from bell to bell! 7

8. T ↑ , V ↑ Quick Quiz. 2) If the temperature of a gas in a flexible
container is doubled, the volume will be…
A) halved.
B) doubled.
C) the same.
D) stupid anyway.
T ↑ , V ↑ 8

9. Quick Quiz.
3) If the pressure of a gas in a flexible
container is halved, the volume will be…
A) halved.
B) doubled.
C) the same.
D) squirrel!
P ↑ , V ↓ OR
P ↓ , V ↑ 9