1. 10 - examples - density growth

2. example - adaptation in bone
different load cases
[1]
midstance phase of gait
2317 N
24˚
703 N
28˚
[2]
extreme range of abduction
1158 N
-15˚
351 N
-8 ˚
[3]
extreme range of adduction
1548 N
56˚
468 N
35˚
Carter & Beaupré [2001]
example - adaptation in bone

3. example - adaptation in bone
different load cases
combination of all load cases necessary
Carter & Beaupré [2001]
example - adaptation in bone

4. example - adaptation in bone
experiment vs simulation
• dense system of compressive trabaculae carrying stress into calcar region
• secondary arcuate system, medial joint surface to lateral metaphyseal region
• ward‘s triangle, low density region contrasting dense cortical shaft
Carter & Beaupré [2001]
example - adaptation in bone

5. example - adaptation in bone
node point based - h-refinement
example - adaptation in bone

6. example - adaptation in bone
node point based - p-refinement
example - adaptation in bone

7. example - adaptation in bone
integration point based - p-refinement
example - adaptation in bone

8. example - adaptation in bone
parameter sensitivity - instabilities
certain parameters induce checkerboard modes
Harrigon & Hamilton [1992],[1994]
example - adaptation in bone

9. example - adaptation in bone
comparison with x-rays
Pauwels [1973]
coxa vara
coxa norma
coxa valga
excellent agreement of simulation and x-ray pattern
example - adaptation in bone

10. example - hip replacement
total hip replacement vs hip resurfacing
• about 120,000 artificial hip replacements in us per year
• aseptic loosening caused by adaptive bone remodeling
• goal prediction of dredisctribution of bone density
example - hip replacement

11. example - hip replacement
convential total hip replacement
ward‘s triangle • trabeculae • dense cortical shaft
example - hip replacement

12. example - hip replacement
convential total hip replacement
stress shielding • bone resorption • implang loosening
example - hip replacement

13. example - hip replacement
new birmingham hip resurfacing
ward‘s triangle • trabeculae • dense cortical shaft
example - hip replacement

14. example - hip replacement
new birmingham hip resurfacing
improved ingrowth • anatomic situation • less resorption
example - hip replacement

15. example - hip replacement
computer tomography of human femur
patient specific medical treatment
example - hip replacement

16. example - wound healing
Murray [2003]
• epidermal migration / spreading of existing cells
• increase of mitotic activity of about15 times in 1mm
wide edge
example - wound healing

17. example - wound healing
Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus [13th Dynasty]
„…thou shouldst bind it with fresh meet the first day, and thou shouldst treat afterword with grease and honey every day until he recovers…“
Breadsted [1930]
example - wound healing

18. example - wound healing
tension - single edge notched specimen
example - wound healing

19. example - wound healing
tension - single edge notched specimen
increased cell edge
example - wound healing

20. example - wound healing
tension - surface cut specimen
increased cell edge
example - wound healing

21. example - wound healing
tension - crack mouth opening displacement
increased cell activity - wound healing & closure
example - wound healing

22. example - wound healing
bending - single edge notched specimen
increased cell edge
example - wound healing

23. example - wound healing
bending - surface cut specimen
increased cell edge
example - wound healing

24. example - wound healing
bending - crack mouth opening displacement
increased cell activity - wound healing & closure
example - wound healing

25. example - topology optimization
form follows function
optimal
material distribution I
load case I
load case II
structural design
example - topology optimization

26. example - topology optimization
form follows function
bicycle frames
example - topology optimization

27. example - topology optimization
form follows function
Armstrong [2005]
Kuhl [2005]
design of bicycle frame
example - topology optimization