1. Spatial Concepts
Spatial concepts are the organising concepts common to all branches of geography. Although there are many organising concepts, there are nine commonly recognised concepts:

2. What are the spatial concepts?
movement
spatial association
spatial change over time
spatial interaction
distribution (spatial)
direction
distance
location
scale
region

3. Spatial Concepts
Are tools which should be used to describe the geographic characteristics of an environment.
You can use the following acronym to remember the spatial concepts:
MR SCOT SAID LSD
You need to be able to remember the spatial concepts and know how to use and identify each

4. Movement: Involves the change in location of one or more phenomena across the earth’s surface. It may involve the movement of water, air, sediments, traffic, people, money, trade etc

5. Movement

6. Region
An area which shares at least one human or natural geographic characteristic which distinguishes itself from other regions. It can refer to a variety of scales, from local to encompassing several countries

7. Region

8. Spatial change over time
The degree to which a place or phenomena has changed its spatial characteristics (location or distribution) features (human or natural) or pattern of use over time.

9. SCOT

10. Spatial interaction
The nature of the links between phenomena and places. It is the degree to which they influence and interact with each other over space through a natural process or human activity for example through the movement of people, flow of water, emission of pollution etc.

11. Spatial Interaction

12. Spatial Association:
The degree to which the distribution of two phenomena overlap in space
Strong
Medium
Weak
None

13. Spatial Association

14. Spatial Distribution
The arrangement of phenomena on (or near) the earth’s surface. One feature or place has a location; the arrangement of many features over space is its distribution.

15. Distribution

16. Location: is where a feature is found on the earth’s surface
Location: is where a feature is found on the earth’s surface. Each place has an absolute and a relative location.

17. Location

18. Scale: includes distance scales and the importance of the phenomena or the size of the response or phenomena: local, regional, national, international, global

19. Scale

20. Distance: A measurement of the space between two places
Distance: A measurement of the space between two places. It includes the concepts of absolute (linear) distance, relative distance (the time it takes to travel), and psychological distance.

21. Distance