1. Spanish in the New World

2. 1492: Columbus lands in Hispaniola, modern- day Haiti and the Dominican Republic.
1513: Ponce de Leon explores Florida, establishes colony in Puerto Rico. Vasco Nunez de Balboa settles Panama (also first European to see the Eastern shore of the Pacific)
1519: Hernando Cortez destroys Aztec population, estimated in excess of 10 million, with an army of roughly 500 men.

3. Spanish in the New World
1532: Pizarro conquers the Incan empire in South America.
1540: Coronado explores southwestern U.S.
1541:De Soto explores the southeastern U.S. He discovers the Mississippi River.

4. All of these discoveries and colonies give Spain claims to these lands.
What does Spain do next with these lands?

5. Divides land into provinces
Divides land into provinces. The king appoints a viceroy (like a governor) to carry out his policies in each province.
Mines for gold and silver. Spanish crown claims one-fifth of all gold and silver. This causes terrible inflation in Spain.
Encomiendas-land grants given to Spanish settlers entitling them to demand labor and taxes from the Indians. . Thousands of Indians worked to death. Millions killed by disease. When Indians run out, who do the Spanish turn to provide the labor in the New World?

6. Peninsulares Creoles Mestizos Mulattos Native Americans African slaves
Rigid social system in Spanish colonies because it was race based, and therefore determined by birth.
Europeans, born on the Iberian Peninsula (Spain or Portugal), who settled in America
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizos
Mulattos
Native Americans
African slaves
People of Spanish or Portuguese descent born in America
People of mixed ancestry—one European parent and one Native American parent
People of mixed ancestry—one European parent and one African or African-American parent

7. Missionaries--Spanish missionaries such as the Jesuits come to the New World to convert Indians. They establish schools.