1. Cell Cycle/Cell Division
Mitosis and cytokinesis

2. DNA vs RNA DNA Sugar= deoxyribose Nitrogen bases a. Adenine b. Guanine
c. Cytosine
d. Thymine
Double stranded molecule
RNA
Sugar= ribose
Nitrogen bases
a. Adenine
b. Guanine
c. Cytosine
d. Uracil
Single stranded

3. Basic information about chromosomes
A. Homologous or paired chromosomes
B. Chromatids and centromeres
C. Alleles
1- homozygous alleles
2- heterozygous allele

4. Steps to Mitosis Interphase Steps to Mitosis Prophase Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

5. Interphase 1- DNA replication
2- transcription and translation (normal cell growth)

6. Prophase Chromatin Condense Proteins condense on centromeres
Nuclear envelope dissolves (DNA free in cell)
Animals
Centrioles form spindle fibers

7. Metaphase
Metaphase Plate (chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell)
Highly organized so that both cells get exactly the same DNA
Spindle fibers completely attached to centromeres

8. Anaphase Paired chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides
Each end is considered a polar end

9. Telophase
Chromatids end up at separate poles, spindle fibers begin to dissolve
New nuclear envelope begins to form
Cell starts to pinch off through cytokinesis (close to form two new daughter cells)

10. Cytokinesis Division of all the rest of cell parts (organelles)
Animals
actin around the center of cell contracts pinching off two cells
Plants
new cell plate created between the two cells

11. Mitosis Animation

12. Significance of Mitosis
A. Growth
B. Maintenance (repair and replacement)--> intestinal lining/RBC’s)
C. Asexual reproduction

13. Vocabulary
cytokinesis: centromere
chromosome diploid:
haploid: interphase:
metaphase: mitosis:
prophase: telophase:

14. Study Questions 1. What are the specific functions of mitosis?
2. List and discuss the two major processes associated with interphase.

15. 3. Describe how cytokinesis differs in plant and animal cells.
4. Make a chart listing the major activities and events associated with each of the mitotic phases.