1. Page 46
All grammars
Past Perfect Tense
Modal auxiliary verbs

2. Simple Past Tense Past Perfect Tense
Use the past perfect tense (had + past participle) to indicate an action that happened before another action in the past
For Example:
When we arrived at the airport, our flight had already left.
The second action 2
The first action 1
Simple Past Tense
Past Perfect Tense

3. I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet
More Examples
Simple past
All Subjects + regular or irregular verbs
Example:
I worked hard ( regular verb with ed)
I ate my lunch late. (irregular verb)
Past perfect
All Subjects + had + past participle
I had worked hard.
I had eaten my lunch late.
I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet
she had read the book, so she only understood the movie
I had had breakfast before I went to school
Simple Past (Action 2)
Past Perfect (Action 1)
Past Perfect (Action 1)
Simple Past (Action 2)
Simple Past (Action 2)
Past Perfect (Action 1)

4. When my friend called me, I had been in bathroom
I did very well in test because I had studied hard
When my friend called me, I had been in bathroom
Simple Past (Action 2)
Past Perfect (Action 1)
Simple Past (Action 2)
Past Perfect (Action 1)

5. 2. Modal auxiliary verbs
(Can’t, Could, Couldn’t), Must, (May, or Might)
1. Use (must) to say we are sure of something.
For example:
I must go to school because I have a test.
2. Use (can’t or couldn’t) to say that we think something is impossible. (not sure)
For Example:
He can’t buy a new car because he doesn’t have cash.
3. Use may, might, or could to say that something is possible.
I may watch TV tonight.

6. A. Complete the sentences using the verbs in parentheses
A. Complete the sentences using the verbs in parentheses. Use the simple past and the past perfect forms.
1. I ____________ (feel) much better after I ____________ (see) the results of my test.
felt
had seen
2. It had been raining, but by the time we ____________ (arrive), the rain ____________ (stop).
arrived
had stopped
3. Dinosaurs ____________ (be) extinct for millions of years before the first humans ____________ (appear).
had been
appeared
4. I ___________________(never, travel) outside my country until I ____________ (go) to Disney World last summer.
had never traveled
went
5. We wanted to get a picture of the meteorite, but when we _________(arrive), the police _______________(already, take) it away.
arrived
had already taken
6. No, Your Honor, I ________________(never see) that man before the night he ___________ (break) into my apartment.
had never seen
broke

7. B. Complete the sentences using can’t, must, or might.
1. You haven’t eaten all day. You ____________ be starving.
must
2. Pat’s joking. She ____________ be serious.
can’t
3. Ahmed has been studying all afternoon. He ___________ be tired by now.
must
4. I’m not sure of the way there. Let’s ask my father. He ____________ drive us there.
might
5. I can’t find my keys anywhere. I ____________ have lost them.
might
6. Who’s at the door? It ____________ be Mariam. She is abroad with her parents.
can’t

8. All Copy Rights © Reserved 2018
Prepared by.
Khalid S. A. Al Shahrani
All Copy Rights © Reserved 2018