1. TOKUGAWA JAPAN

2. SETTING THE STAGE
1300s – SHOGUNS (military leaders) struggled to keep weak Japan unified
1467 – civil war chaos & war result in shogun losing control
territorial lords gaining power
over small domains of land
– LACK OF UNITY  feudalism
Powerless emperors being
controlled by shoguns

3. SENGOKU PERIOD 1467-1568 – Sengoku : “Warring States”
SAMURAIS seized control of estates & offer peasants protection for loyalty
strongest samurais became DAIMYO (warrior-chieftains) who want more land & more control

4. DAIMYO VIPs
ODA NOBUNAGA – seizes Kyoto (capital) in 1568 & Pushes out all rivals with force – 1575 uses firearms for 1st time in Japan
TOYOTOMI HIDEYOSHI –
gains control of country
by 1590 & invades
Korea in 1592

5. TOKUGAWA IEYASU
A daimyo - unifies Japan in 1600 & gains loyalty of all daimyo
Becomes shogun – sole ruler

6. TOKUGAWA’S ACHIEVEMENTS
moves capital to Edo
(became Tokyo)
makes daimyo come to capital every other year to keep them obedient & close to his watchful eye
legal policies reformed
strong central government becomes more important than military actions (rule of law over rule of sword)
founder of Tokugawa Shogunate ( )

7. WHAT DID THIS DO FOR JAPAN?
Stability, prosperity, & isolation
Food production increases
 population increases
Merchant class becomes wealthy & powerful, but peasants remain poor & overworked  eventually move to cities

8. CITY LIFE
Mid-1700s Japan shifts from rural to urban society – Edo was world’s largest city
Employment opportunities increase for women in cities (peasants still restricted)
Traditional culture thrived
KABUKI theater gains popularity:
dramas w/elaborate costumes
HAIKU– poetry that expresses
images

9. EUROPEANS ARRIVE IN 1500’s
Japanese eager to trade w/ Portuguese: clocks, eyeglasses, tobacco, & firearms (for muskets & cannons)
Missionaries want to convert people BUT Tokugawa believed they looked down on Japanese culture/ religion (Shinto & Buddhism)
Eventually missionaries are
banned & Christians are
persecuted
Closed all ports except
Nagasaki
 “CLOSED COUNTRY POLICY”

10. Japan Matthew Perry Tokugawa End
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