1. “A Tale of Two Cities”: A Micro Study of Challenges to Urban Sustainability faced by Afro Europeans.
“the Docks” created by Author

2. Sustainable Development
- a human rights based approach to development, concerned with the future as well as the present.
... “make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable”
Sustainable Development Goal 11
European Year for Development & launch of UN Post 2015 Development Agenda & Sustainable Development Goals in September 2015.
European Green Capital 1 created by Author

3. BRISTOL EUROPEAN GREEN CAPITAL 2015
‘Aims to inspire and promote best practices, in environmental improvement and sustainable development, to all European cities’.
Pop’n approximately ½ million, BME presence - 22%; over 50% in some wards, 6% of African descent also marks the beginning of the IDPAD.
European Green Capital 2, created by Author

4. Is it … safe, resilient, inclusive, and sustainable ?
European Green Capital 4 created by Author
European Green Capital 5, created by Author

5. City of Sanctuary 2011 European Green Capital 7, created by Author
Bristol became a City of Sanctuary in 2011; homelessness & shortage of affordable housing increasing.
European Green Capital 7, created by Author
European Green Capital 6, created by Author

6. Structural Barriers Fiscal austerity
Inequality e.g. in education & employment
low numbers of Afro Europeans in policymaking & leadership
Social deprivation in neighbourhoods with high density BME populations, e.g. poor housing, traffic congestion, &
air pollution.
Fiscal austerity, systemic racism and populist anti immigrant sentiment marginalises African diaspora and migrant communities.
European Green Capital 8 created by Author

7. INCLUSIVE
ENAR’s Draft Framework of National Strategies for tackling Afrophobia Capacity building, e.g. ‘mandatory anti racist training for all personnel in the field of law enforcement’, for access to justice, development, and other EU priorities on human rights.
E.g.
European Green Capital 9 created by Author

8. Community Development
SAFE
Community Development
Community Outreach
COMPASS, AEDP and other existing strategies to raise awareness on environmental equality, International Decade for People of African Descent, & SDGs .
European Green Capital 11, created by Author
European Green Capital 10, created by Author

9. RESILIENT
The Bristol Manifesto for Race Equality Engaging community participation & leadership through inclusive policy building for race equality and urban sustainability.
CHALLENGES
< 10% of Bristol City Council staff are BME; 3% earn £50,000+
Crime, social conflict and tensions fuelled by rising inequalities, e.g. in education.
Changing demographics. BME pop’n of urbanism increased from 12% to 22% between 2001 & 2011.
BCC desires to change resilience challenge into a resilience dividend, i.e. “fall more safely and rebound more quickly” in future, Judith Rodin, Rockefeller Institute.

10. SUSTAINABLE
Education and volunteering empowers awareness of youth: of the importance of inclusive environmental equality for SDGs; the RECM (UK Education)
European Green Capital 12 created by Author
European Green Capital 13, created by Author

11. The Role of Civil Society
… impact through dialogue and tailor made responses…
to Afrophobia and other manifestations of racism, discrimination and inequality !
e.g. Bristol City Council with Somali Community Action Plan, Malcolm X Centre & Ujima Radio Station
European Green Capital 12 created by Author

12. FIN
European Green Capital 13, created by Author

13. BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-33230552
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