1. Evolution of First Life

2. Archaebacteria Thrives in harsh conditions Sea vents and hot springs
Chemosynthesis instead of photosynthesis
Sea vents and hot springs
Snottites

3. Cyanobacteria and Stromatolites
Sun can get through to the surface of the Earth—but there is no ozone layer, no protection.
First photosynthetic bacteria
Prokaryotes
Simple organisms
Earth is also cooling

4. Oxygenation of the Oceans and Air
Cyanobacteria and stromatolites helped oxygenate the oceans and the air
Oxygenated the oceans first
Went from olive green to blue
Rusting of the oceans, turned red
Next, atmosphere was oxygenated
Rusting of the land, land turned red
As the atmosphere was oxygenating the ozone was also forming

5. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Primitive
Bacteria
Simple
Small
Advanced
Plants and animals
Complex
Larger

6. Endosymbiosis

7. Eukaryotes Nucleus DNA Cytoplasm Mitochondria Ribosomes RER Vacuole
Lysosome
Cell wall
Cell membrane

8. Chloroplasts and Mitochondria
Mitochondria in animals and Plants
Chloroplasts in plants only!
Both have a double membrane—remnants from their Endocytosis beginning.
Both have their own DNA—which is similar to the DNA in heterotrophic bacteria and cyanobacteria.

9. Mitochondria C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O = CO2 + H2O
Needs oxygen for cellular respiration so that they can break the larger molecule of sugar and get more energy
Without oxygen, the cell will
Only be able to ferment which
Doesn’t provide enough energy.

10. Chloroplasts CO2 + H2O  C6H12O6 + O2
Uses the carbon dioxide that we breath out to make sugar for energy. Produces the oxygen needed for eukaryotes to survive.