1. Cell Structure & Function

2. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell

3. Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

4. Prokaryotic Do not have structures surrounded by membranes
Few internal structures
Single-celled organisms (unicellular), Bacteria

5. Eukaryotic Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
Most living organisms
Plant
Animal

6. “Typical” Animal Cell

7. “Typical” Plant Cell

8. Cell Parts
aka Organelles

9. Surrounding the Cell

10. Cell Membrane The outer membrane Flexible Job:
* Controls movement of materials into and out of the cell
* SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE
--> Double layer (heads & tails)

11. Cell Wall Supports & protects plant cell
Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria
Stiff, more rigid than cell membrane
Job:
Supports & protects plant cell
Allows material in & out

12. Inside the Cell

13. Nucleus Job: Directs/manages cell activities The “brain” of the cell
Contains genetic material - DNA

14. Nuclear Membrane Surrounds nucleus Has nuclear pores -
openings that allow
material to enter and leave
nucleus

15. Chromosomes Inside the nucleus Made of DNA
Contain instructions for traits & characteristics
★ Humans have 23 pair = 46 total

16. Nucleolus Inside the nucleus Contains the RNA used to build proteins

17. Cytoplasm
Clear gel-like fluid that fills the cell & surrounds the organelles

18. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Moves materials around in cell
Series of tubular passageways
Smooth type: lacks ribosomes
Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface

19. Ribosomes Each cell contains thousands Tiny grain-like structures
“Protein factories” - site of protein assembly

20. Mitochondria
Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrates
The “powerhouse” of the cell
Where respiration takes place

21. Golgi Bodies Protein “packaging plant”
Modifies and sends proteins to other parts of the cell
Also called golgi complex or golgi apparatus

22. Lysosome Digestive organelle for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
Breaks down wastes and unwanted or “broken” cell material
The “garbage disposal” of the cell

23. Vacuoles Used for storage ★ Stores: -->wastes -->water
-->nutrients
Helps plant cells maintain shape
Is MUCH larger in plants cells. Why?

24. Chloroplast Found in plant cells
Contains chlorophyll - pigment in plant cells
Where photosynthesis takes place
*Grana
*Stroma
*Thylakoids

25. You’re finished-- Hooray!