1. Bell Ringer Draw a person.
This should be on a full sheet of paper and clear enough to show the class

2. Lesson Objective Learn about the anatomy of other aquatic species.
Why?
By learning about the anatomy of other species you will be able to compare their survival needs as well as how to identify them.

3. Terminology
Morphology:
Anatomy:
Physiology:

4. Terminology
Morphology: the branch of biology dealing with the form and structure of organisms.
Anatomy: the structure of an animal or plant, or of any of its parts
Physiology: the branch of biology dealing with the functions and activities of living organisms and their parts, including all physical and chemical processes.

5. The suitability of an aquatic organism for culture depends on its form and functions.
EXAMPLE: The type of mouth and its location determine how organisms feed and what they eat
Fish with small, upturned mouths generally are herbivores and/or surface feeders (like tilapia)
Fish with downturned mouths are generally bottom feeders (like catfish)
EXAMPLE: External body structure must be considered in selecting a species for culture in a water facility
Fish with single-lobed tail fins are slow swimmers and can survive well in water that is free of much movement
Fish with forked tail fins are fast swimmers and prefer flowing water

6. Crustaceans
Aquatic animals that have an exoskeleton (outside skeleton) made of chitinous material (like your fingernail)
Shrimp, crabs, lobsters, crawfish and prawns
AKA decapods

7. Crustaceans
As they grow the shell is cast off in the process called molting
With no shell known as softshell species like crawfish
Usually regrow in a day

8. Crustaceans Have three sections: head, thorax and abdomen
Each segment has a pair of appendages
The head has two pair of antennae
Can re-grow limbs that have broken off
Known as regeneration
To produce crab legs, one claw is removed and the crab is returned to the water to grow another

9. Crustaceans Decapods have simple blood, nervous and excretory systems
Complex life cycle
Larval stage is most difficult to culture
Dietary requirements change as they pass through life stages
Juvenile and adult stages are essentially benthic (bottom dwelling) organisms

10. Mollusks
Most common: oysters and clams in the U.S. and mussels in Europe
Bivalve mollusks have two shells composed of two parts that can be closed to completely enclose the animal
The shell is made of calcareous material (like limestone) and forms an exoskeleton

11. Mollusks
As adults, oysters and mussels anchor themselves to objects in the water
Since anchored feed by filtering organic matter from water through a complex system dependent on the use of cilia
Have simple digestive, circulatory and nervous systems
Gills not only act as respiratory system, but filter matter from the water that is consumed or discharged

12. Mollusks Reproduce with eggs and sperms
Eggs typically released into the water and fertilized by water-borne sperm
Bivalves are protandrous (change their sex one or more times during their lives)
Some are hermaphroditic like scallops

13. Algae
Forms range from minute cells of a few micrometers to large seaweeds several meters tall
Some have motility (capable of movement)
Cellular plants growing as single cells or aggregations of single cells.

14. Algae Some are cultivated Used for food and livestock feed
Most grown in Asia
High in productivity and food value
Some species are higher in food value than other plants
Rapid expansion of algae culture is occurring

15. Macroalgae Large forms
Attach to substrate (underlying foundation of some type)
Function similarly to plants with stems
Photosynthesis occurs in the blade or thallus (plant without distinct leaves, stems and roots)
Major groups that are cultivated:
Red algae
Green algae
Brown algae

16. Microalgae Small forms
Very important as food of larval fish, crustaceans, and mollusks
Considerable variation in morphology among species
Three most important:
Green-pigmented algae
Blue-green algae
Golden algae

17. What are some of the similarities?
What are some of the differences?