1. We have started to compute the traverse station
coordinates from an anticlockwise polygon traverse.
Horizontal Control
TRAVERSE
We tested the sum of the observed angles against the
sum of the internal angles of the polygon, and if within an
acceptable value we distributed the misclosure.
We established the bearings of all the traverse lines
and then calculated the changes in Easting and Northing
for each line.
The algebraic sum of these changes should be ZERO.
The values give the error eE and the error eN.
The linear misclosure e =  (eE2 + eN2) was calculated and
used to find the FLM. If acceptable then distribute the errors.
a) Bowditch Method - proportional to line distances
b) Transit Method - proportional to D
N values E
and
c) Numerous other methods including Least Squares
Adjustments
By : -

2. a) Bowditch Method - proportional to line distances
The eE and the eN have to be distributed
For any line IJ the adjustments are dE IJ and dN IJ
dE IJ = [ eE / SD ] x D IJ
Applied with the opposite
sign to eE
dN IJ = [ eN / SD ] x D IJ
Applied with the opposite
sign to eN

3. Fractional Linear Misclosure (FLM) = 1 in SD / e
CO-ORDINATE DIFFERENCES
CALCULATED
WHOLE
CIRCLE
BEARING q
HORIZONTAL
DISTANCE D E N
638.57
0.000
-0.094
-0.654 eE eN
e =  (eE2 + eN2) =  ( ) = 0.661m 3
Fractional Linear Misclosure (FLM) = 1 in SD / e
= 1 in / = 1 in 13500
Check 2

4. dE IJ = [ eE / SD ] x D IJ
Applied with the opposite
sign to eE
eE = m SD = m
dE IJ = [ / ] x D IJ
= …... x D IJ
Store this in the memory
For line AB
dE AB = …x D AB
= …x
dE AB = m
For line BC
dE BC = …x D BC
= …x
dE BC = m
For line CD
dE CD = m
For line DA
dE DA = m

5. CO-ORDINATE DIFFERENCES
CALCULATED
ADJUSTMENTS
ADJUSTED
CO-ORDINATES D E N d S T A I O
0.000
-0.094
-0.654 eE eN
+0.007
+0.016
+0.039
+0.032

6. dN IJ = [ eN / SD ] x D IJ
Applied with the opposite
sign to eN
eN = m
dN IJ = [ / ] x D IJ
= …... x D IJ
Store this in the memory
dN AB = … x D AB
= …x
dN AB = m
dN BC = m
dN CD = m
dN DA = m

7. CO-ORDINATE DIFFERENCES
CO-ORDINATES A
CALCULATED
ADJUSTMENTS
ADJUSTED T I O N D E D N d E d N D E D N E N A
0.000
+0.007
+0.046
+0.007 B C D A
+0.016
+0.112
+0.039
+0.273
680.61
Check 3
+0.032
+0.223
-0.094
-0.654
S= 0
S= 0 eE eN