1. Motives behind Exploration
The factors that lead to the Age of Exploration

2. Objectives List and explain why Europeans crossed the seas.
Describe how Portugal’s eastward explorations lead to the development of a trading empire.

3. Key Terms
Astrolabe
Sextant
Cartographer
Caravel

4. People/Peoples Prince Henry Vasco Da Gama Bartholomeu Dias
Pedro Cabral

5. The desire for wealth and Power
Rulers in many countries saw that trade with Asia could make them and their countries rich and powerful.
Merchants wanted to make money by selling Eastern goods to Europeans.
Spices, sugars, silk were in demand in Europe.

6. Religious Aims
The desire to spread Christianity to distant parts of the world.
The Spanish and Portuguese felt they had a God-given duty to drive the Muslims out of other lands.

7. Renaissance Spirit
The restless, individualistic spirit of the Renaissance also helped launch the Age of Exploration.
Explorers were driven by curiosity, the desire for adventure, and the hope of fame.

8. Improvements in Technology
Europeans built sturdy sailing ships that could be handled by smaller crews and make longer voyages than ships propelled by rowers.
More accurate maps allowed sea captains to venture far from the sight of land.
Ships began to carry weaponry – Cannons and guns.

9. Improvements in Technology
New navigational instruments.
1. Astrolabe – finds latitude by observing the position of the sun, moon, and the stars.
2. The mariner’s compass was made more accurate.

10. Age of Discovery
Portuguese Explorers

14. Pedro Cabral

15. The fleet of Pedro Alvares Cabral.
The fleet of Pedro Alvares Cabral. The Portuguese had reached the East by sailing around Africa. Following the first voyage of Columbus, Queen Isabella of Spain asked Pope Alexander VI, a Spaniard, to divide the world between Spain and Portugal. In the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas, both kingdoms accepted a line of demarcation 1,110 miles west of the Azores. In 1500 Pedro Alvares Cabral (ca ca. 1520) set out for India, but his ships were blown off course and he landed on the coast of Brazil, which he claimed for Portugal.

16. Cabral landing on the coast of Brazil in 1500.
Cabral landing on the coast of Brazil in 1500 and claiming it for Portugal.

17. A Brazilian native.
A Brazilian native. When Pedro Cabral and his crew landed on the coast of Brazil, they found no great Indian civilizations; the Brazilian Indians were unused to working in groups. However, they were friendly and welcomed the Europeans, taught them how to survive in their land, and established personal relationships with them.

18. Objectives List and explain why Europeans crossed the seas.
Gold, adventure, spread Christianity, fame
Describe how Portugal’s eastward explorations lead to the development of a trading empire.
Conquered by military force

19. Key Terms Astrolabe Sextant Cartographer Caravel
Uses longitude and latitude to determine location
Sextant
Improvement over the astrolabe
Cartographer
Map maker
Caravel
Uses sails that are square and triangular

20. People/Peoples Prince Henry Vasco Da Gama Bartholomeu Dias
Set up a school for sailors
Vasco Da Gama
Sailed to the West Indies
Bartholomeu Dias
Sailed to the southern tip of Africa
Pedro Cabral
Sailed for Portugal to Brazil

21. Motives behind Exploration
The factors that lead to the Age of Exploration